Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 11:45)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 11:45:

  • Noongar: “One Law Man said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, if you say this, you insult us also!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “A Yahudi religion teacher said to Yesus: ‘Teacher, with those words of yours(s), you (sing.) are also finding-fault with us (excl.)!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then one of the teachers of the religious law answered Isa he said, ‘Sir, if you speak like that you also shame us (excl.).'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There were there some teachers of the Law, and they said to Jesus, they said, ‘Chief, as for those words of yours, we were struck also by them.’ (this means that those words were a rebuke to them)” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon one of the teachers of the law said, ‘Sir teacher, in your (sing.) saying that, you (sing.) are including us (excl.) in being shamed.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “An explainer of law spoke. He said, ‘Teacher, in what you said there, you are insulting/belittling even us (excl.) now.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 14:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 14:2:

  • Uma: “And I heard a big sound from heaven, like the roaring of big water and like the bigness of the sound of thunder. The sound that I heard was like the sound of a stringed-instrument [kasapi, from Indonesian: kecapi, ‘lute’] being played/beaten by people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And I heard a voice from heaven like the sound of the cataract of a great river/water and loud like thunder. The voice I heard was also melodious/musical/nice to hear (lu’uy) like the sound when a person plays the harp.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then I heard a voice coming from heaven, and its speaking was like the sound of very many waters and like the sound of a very loud thunder clap. This voice which I heard was also like the sound of many people playing harps.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I also heard a voice from heaven like the roar of a high waterfall or rumbling (different word) thunder. It was also like the sound of many harps (loan arpa) being strummed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Then I heard speech which came from heaven, just like the gushing of a big waterfall and like loud claps of thunder. That speech which I heard, you could say it was the plucking of players on their stringed-instruments which are alpa.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And I heard a word from heaven. Very loudly the word was heard. It sounded like the roar of water or like the thundering of thunder. And the stringed instruments, harps, very many I heard.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 10:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 10:18:

  • Uma: “But let’s not say/think like this: ‘The Israel people, they haven’t yet heard the Good News.’ They have heard it! In the Holy Book it is written like this: ‘The News spread to the whole world, Those words were announced to all mankind.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But there is something I ask: Didn’t the people of Isra’il hear the story/news about Isa Almasi that’s why they do not believe? They indeed really heard. For the holy-book says, ‘The people commanded by God are telling all people and their words are well-known in the whole world/earth.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And certainly someone will say, ‘No wonder the Jews didn’t believe, because they haven’t heard this preaching.’ However, it’s not possible that they haven’t heard, for there is a written word of God which says, ‘As for this word, the telling of it has spread to all mankind, and there is no end to where it has been spread,’ he said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All right, let me ask this. Is it perhaps possible that the Jews didn’t hear concerning Cristo? They indeed heard, because what God caused-to-be-written says, ‘Their words/voices/speech have been heard in even any place; what they have said has been made-known in all towns/countries on the earth.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But concerning the Jews, in that they did not believe the word, is that they didn’t hear about the word? Truly they heard about the word. Because it says in the Holy Book the word which says: ‘This word, everywhere is heard this word spoken by the preachers. Because the word is taken all over the world.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

For the Old Testament quote, see Psalm 19:4.

complete verse (Luke 12:23)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 12:23:

  • Noongar: “Life is greater than eating and drinking and the body is greater than clothes.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Because your lives are more than food and clothes.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For the life is more valuable than food and the body is more valuable than clothes.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “because God has given you breath and your body, which is very precious and it cannot be that he will not give you also food and clothing.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because your lives are far-away more-valuable than food, and your bodies are also emphatically more-valuable than clothes.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For isn’t it so that life is greater/more-important than food and the body also is greater/more-important than clothing? Well since life and body are indeed the gift of God to you, of course he will also give these which you need which are food and clothing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 16:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 16:6:

  • Uma: “For those people in the world there killed your (sing.) followers, they spilled/poured-out the blood of your (sing.) many prophets. That is why now you (sing.) change the water to become blood,you (sing.) give-it-to-them-to-drink. How appropriate that is!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because your people and the people who carried your message were killed by the people in the world and their blood was spilled by them, therefore now you give them blood to drink. That is matching/right as a reward/repayment for them.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For they killed those who believe in You and the prophets long ago. So now You are making them drink blood for it is a proper revenge on them!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because the ones you (sing.) are punishing, they killed your (sing.) people as well as the prophets you (sing.) repeatedly-sent and-so their blood flowed-out, and now, blood is what you are-causing-them -to-drink. They indeed deserve it (lit. It is indeed their recompense)!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “To the people who caused to be shed the blood of your people and the blood also of your prophets, to them you have given blood for them to drink. That really is fitting for them.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Because concerning these you are now punishing, they are the ones who killed the people who are in your hand and they have killed the spokesmen who spoke for you. Therefore you give them their payment now, causing them to drink the water turned to blood.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 11:29)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 11:29:

  • Uma: “For if God chooses and blesses a person/people, he does not retract that blessing of his.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because as for God, if there is a person he has chosen and who is blessed by him, he really does not change (it).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because what God decides does not change back and forth, but rather the people whom He chooses, they are also the ones He blesses with good.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because it’s not possible for God to change his mind concerning whom he has called and the blessings he has given.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “God never changes his mind. All those whom he called, always will he love them and bless them.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 12:55)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 12:55:

  • Noongar: “And when the south wind blows, you say, ‘Today will be hot’, and the day becomes hot.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “If the wind blows from the south, you say there will be a drought, and it is definitely thus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And when the south wind blows, you say, the sun/day will be hot, and finally it will be hot.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when the wind blows, coming from the south, then you say, ‘It’s really going to be hot today.’ And it really is hot.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If you know also that the wind is coming from the south, you say, ‘It will probably get-extremely -hot,’ and it becomes-true.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then if a wind blows from the south, you say it will get hot. Well, it truly will get hot.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 17:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 17:17:

  • Uma: “But what they do is definitely the intention of God beforehand. Because God is the one who moved the hearts of those kings so that they accomplish [lit., cause-to-walk] his intentions. That is why those kings were of one mind/heart to offer their authority to rule to the animal, until what God foretold really happened.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The reason that they do this is because they have-been-given-the-thought by God to do his wish. It is because of God’s will that they agree to give their authority to the creature until all that God said will be fulfilled.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason they will do this is because God has made them want to fulfill the purpose of God. Because of this they will be able to think of only one thing, and so they will give to the beast their power to rule until the prophetic words of God are fulfilled.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “That woman whom you (sing.) saw, it is the large city which rules-over all kings on the earth. These-things have happened to her, because it is God who directed their minds to fulfill his purposes. That is the reason they turned-over to the fearsome animal their authority to rule until all that God said would be fulfilled.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For God put in the minds of those ten that they would fulfill what he had determined, for they will be of-one-mind and put their authority and means/ability under the control of this animal until the things which were spoken by God be fulfilled.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These ten rulers who agreed to give over to the terrible animal their power, it is God who caused that thus they did in order that there will happen what God has determined to happen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)