Language-specific Insights

complete verse (John 1:26)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 1:26:

  • Uma: “Yohanes said: ‘I baptize people with just water. But there will come a person after me. He is actually in your midst at this time, but you do not know him. Just to become his servant to undo/open the strings of his shoes, I am not fit/worthy.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Yahiya answered them, he said, ‘I here, I bathe the people with water. But there is one standing here in your midst, but you don’t know who he is.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then John answered, ‘It is true that I am baptizing, but only by means of water, there is your companion, whom you don’t know, who will follow me (in time) who is very much greater than I am.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Juan answered-them saying, ‘Water only is what I baptize-you -with, but there is someone standing-with you whom you don’t know.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Juan answered again, saying, ‘As for me, what I baptize with is water, but among you there is someone whom you don’t know.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “John told the people, ‘I am baptizing with water. But here where we are walks here a person whom you do not know about.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 7:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 7:28:

  • Uma: “When Yesus finished speaking all that, the people who heard his teaching were amazed at it/him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Isa had finished saying this, the people wondered when they heard his preaching/teaching,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus finished teaching there, and the many people who were gathered there were amazed because his teaching was not like the teaching of the teachers of the law. Because the teaching of Jesus, by contrast, had power.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus finished teaching all these-things to the gathered people, they were surprised at the way he taught,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When Jesus had finished that which he was teaching, those people listening were amazed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “When Jesus finished teaching the people, the people were amazed at the words he spoke.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Corinthians 1:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Corinthians 1:24:

  • Uma: “We(excl.) don’t want to order/command you excessively, for your faith in Kristus is already strong. Our(excl.) purpose is, we (excl.) want to work together with you, so you will be happy.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (excl.) do not want to rule over you as to what you should believe-obey. We (excl.) really know, your trust in Isa Almasi is firm already. But we (excl.) only want to help you in your following Isa Almasi so that your joy will increase.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We do not wish to be the ones in charge of what you believe, because we know that your faith is already strong. We only want that we might be your partners in what God has for us (incl.) to do, so that you might rejoice.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But I don’t mean (lit. want to say) here that we (excl.) are the ones in-charge-of your faith, for your faith is admittedly already strong. We (excl.) only want to help you so that you will be thoroughly happy.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “It’s not that we (excl.) are setting ourselves up as your masters whom you must follow/obey in your believing/obeying. For as for this believing/obeying of yours, it has become firmly-grounded in Cristo. We (excl.) just truly want to help you so that you will be very happy in a life that is fitting for true believing/obeying.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I do not mean to say that I must determine how you believe. I know that your faith is firm. That which I want to do is that when we get to speak together you will increase in joy.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 2:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 2:7:

  • Uma: “Yesus said saying to those workers: ‘Fill those water containers with water.’ They filled them full.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said to the servants, ‘Fill those jars with water.’ They filled them until they almost overflowed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Jesus said to the servants, ‘Fill these with water.’ And they filled those jars up to the lip,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus said to the drink-servers, ‘Fill all of those rice-wine-jars with water.’ And they did that.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus instructed those servants. He said, ‘Fill up these jars with water.’ Without anything further, they transferred water into them till they were-full-to-the-brim.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus said to the waiters, ‘Fill the big jars here with water.’ They filled them then.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 8:31)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 8:31:

  • Uma: “The demons that were possessing [lit., riding] those people asked Yesus, they said: ‘If you (sing.) must cause-us-to-go-away from here, order us to enter those pigs over there.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The demons begged Isa, they said, ‘If you command us to leave, cause us to go into the bodies of those pigs.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The demons begged Jesus, they said, ‘If you drive us out, permit us to go into those pigs.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “so the evil-spirits pleaded with Jesus saying, ‘If you (sing.) cause-us (excl.) -to-leave, please send us (excl.) to those pigs so that we (excl.) will possess them.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The evil spirits begged-for-mercy from Jesus. They said, ‘If you are going to drive us out of these people, allow us to transfer to those pigs.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The evil spirits said to Jesus: ‘If you want that we leave these men here, then give us permission that we enter to the hearts of the pigs over there.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Corinthians 3:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Corinthians 3:15:

  • Uma: “Until this time, when they read the letter(s) written by the prophet Musa, we can say their hearts are still covered-up with a veil.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Even up to now, each time when it is read to the people of Isra’il from the holy-book of the law of Musa, there is like a cover on their thoughts/minds and they do not understand.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And they still don’t understand today, for when the Jews read the Law left behind by Moses, they are not able to understand because their thinking is still covered up.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Yes, that is true, for even today, when what Moses wrote is read, it is as if there is a headcloth that covers-over their minds.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Yes indeed, really right up to the present, each time the writings which God caused Moises to write are being read, it’s like their minds/thinking are being veiled still.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Until the present day the minds of the Jews are closed when they study the words which Moses wrote.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 3:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 3:14:

  • Huehuetla Tepehua: “Moses hung up the snake out where it was quiet. Well, also in the same way it is necessary that I should be hung up, I who am the friend of all men.”
  • Alekano: “Just like Moses a long time ago in the wilderness lifted up the thing made to look like a snake, they will surely lift up me the true man.” (Source for this and above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Uma: “‘Long ago in the wilderness, the prophet Musa made an image of a snake from brass, and he put it on the end of a wooden pole and stuck it in the ground to stand it up. Whoever was bitten by a snake, if they looked up at that brass image of a snake, they would live. So, like that brass snake was made high long ago, so also I the Child of Mankind must be made high,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Musa in old times, at the time when he was there in the lonely place together with the tribe of Isra’il, he made (a thing) in the shape of a snake from brass and lifted it up and hung it onto a post so that when the people who had been bitten looked at that snake would get well. Likewise I, the Son of Mankind, I also have to be lifted up onto a post and be killed,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Jesus said again, ‘Long ago when Moses was still out in the land where nobody lives, he made a brass snake and he put it on wood and he raised it up. As for me, the older sibling of mankind, that is the same thing that is going to happen to me in the future because I also will be fastened to a wood and raised up.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And what will happen to me, it is like what happened to the imitation/fake snake which Moses fastened-to and raised-up on a post when they were walking through the place with no inhabitants. Because I also who am Child of a Person, I must be fastened-to the cross and be-raised-up” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And in the way in which Moises put-up-high what he’d made which was like a snake there in the wilderness, putting it on wood/tree which he set up, like that indeed is what will be done to me who am the One From Heaven Born of Man. They will nail me to a cross and then put-up-high like that snake which was made.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “There in the wilds, Moses made a metal snake and standing up a pole he raised it high. In like manner it will happen to the Man who came from heaven, it is necessary that the cross be stood up with him on it.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 9:29)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 9:29:

  • Uma: “From there he touched their eyes and said to them: ‘I heal you according to your faith.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then Isa touched their eyes. He said, ‘It is done to you as you believe.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘Yes, Chief, we believe.’ Then Jesus touched their eyes, and he said, ‘May you be healed according to your faith.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus laid-his-hands-on their eyes and said, ‘It will be fulfilled to you because of your trust.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Without anything further, Jesus touched the eyes of those two and spoke saying, ‘You will receive this which you are certain of.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus put out his hands and touched the eyes of the blind men. He said to them: ‘Because you believe that I can heal you, then you are healed now.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)