Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 Timothy 3:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 3:16:

  • Uma: “No kidding the goodness of the teaching that we follow in our submitting to God. From long ago that teaching was not yet revealed to mankind, but now God has revealed it to us. For we believe in: God who became mankind. The Holy Spirit made-clear who he was, and he was seen by angels. His news was spread to people who did not yet know God. People all over the world believed in him. He was lifted him up to heaven and given bigness of life [glory].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Nobody can deny/state that the teaching of this our (incl.) religion is not deep, this is the true teaching not yet known as long as God had not yet made it known, that means the teaching about Isa Almasi: He was there in heaven but he came to earth to become man. The Holy Spirit testified that he was really straight/righteous. He was seen by the angels. It was proclaimed about him to all people/tribes. And he was believed by the people. So-then he was made-to-ascend/lifted-up to go again to heaven and there he rules.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And all of us (incl.) know that greater than everything is the doctrine which was revealed and which we believe. Christ became human; the Holy Spirit witnessed that he is righteous; he was seen by the angels of God; the news about Him was spread to the people who are not Jews; there are those who believe in him here in the whole earth; he was taken up to heaven.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “We all know indeed that what we believe concerning Cristo Jesus is greatly valuable. It wasn’t made-known previously but God has made-it-known to us now/today: He appeared as a person, and the Ispirito Santo (Holy Spirit) confirmed that he had absolutely no fault/lack. Angels also were-seeing him. That which is concerning him was preached in the collective-plural-towns/countries, and there were those on this earth who believed in him. He was also raised to heaven to be honored/praised.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Yes indeed, it is really well-known to us all that the truth is an amazement and praiseworthy which has been like hidden all this time but has now been made known concerning Cristo. For this Cristo, he became a man/human. His correctness/righteous-position that he really is the Son of God, it was testified to by the Espiritu Santo. He was seen by angels. And concerning him is now being taught in all different nations. Many now are those who have believed in him here under the heavens. And as for him, he ascended again to heaven/sky, there to his praiseworthiness/place-of-glory.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Very beautiful is the word which we believe. God caused that we understood this word, that Christ became a man. And the Holy Spirit made it known that Christ did not do any evil. And God’s angels look well upon him. And now, everywhere it is told about Christ. And he is believed all over the world. And God took him up to heaven.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 3:26)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 3:26:

  • Uma: “So, relatives, that is why God caused-to-live-again Yesus, his Servant/Slave, and he ordered him to come here first to us Yahudi people, in order to bless us. That blessing, to cause us to repent from our evil actions.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore God chose his servant, Isa Almasi and sent him here to you (pl.) first. He causes each one of you to reject/turn away from your evil deeds because he wants to give you good/blessing.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Therefore,’ said Peter, ‘when God sent his servant Jesus, he had him come first to us (incl.) Jews so we might be helped by him by means of his having us have done with our bad custom.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore, we Jews were the first to whom God sent the Messiah who is the one who serves him, to bless us by-means-of his causing-us -to-turn-our-backs-on the bad/evil that we were doing.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, we are the first ones who were able to receive this grace/help, for after God had raised up his Servant Jesus, we Jews are the ones he sent him to, that he would cause us to repent and drop the evil we are doing.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 3:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 3:9:

  • Uma: “He healed many people that were sick, with the result that the people crowded-each-other to get close to him, wanting to touch him. From the manyness of the people, that is why he ordered his disciples to prepare a boat for him to ride, so that he would not be crowded by the people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa told his disciples to put the boat that he would ride in into the water (lebbes) so that he wouldn’t be pressed/jostled by the crowds.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus told his disciples to get a boat so that he might get in it if he would be pressed upon by the very many people.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because of the many-ness of the people, he told his disciples to go get a boat for him to sit-in lest the many-people squeeze him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well since it was like that, Jesus told his disciples to ready a boat for maybe he would need one to get in so that he wouldn’t be squashed by those people who were arriving in an endless mass.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Timothy 5:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 5:16:

  • Uma: “If there are Kristen people, and they have one of their family who is a widow, they are the ones who should take care of her. It is not right [lit., It is not the way] that all our one-faith relatives must take care of that widow. For our one-faith relatives must take care of widows who are really widows, whom no one takes care of.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore as I said, if there is a woman there trusting in Isa and has a relative who is a widow, she should be the one to take-care-of the widow not the others who trust Isa, so that they also can-take-care-of the widows who do not have relatives.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If there is a woman believer who has relatives who are widow women, she must take care of them. She must not expect other believers to be the ones to take care of them, so that the believers might not be troubled in taking care of the other widow women who have no one to depend on.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The last-thing I will say concerning the widows, if there is a woman who believes who has relatives who are widows, she should be the one to take-care-of them so that the congregation of believers will not have-a-hard-time in order that the congregation will be able to take-care of the widows who have no relatives.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “It’s necessary that the women believers take care of any relatives of theirs who are widows, so that they won’t be made a bother/disturbance to the believers who are her follow-group-members. Isn’t is so that if it’s like that, the believers can help well those widows who have no-one they can rely on because they’re all alone.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning if there be a man or a woman who is a believer and if some relative is widowed, that one should care for her, giving what she needs. I don’t want that all of the believers provide for her expenses. Because the believers should provide for the widows who do not have anyone to care for their needs.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 4:32)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 4:32:

  • Uma: “All the believers in Yesus, lived in-agreement/united and they were one heart. There was not one who said: ‘This is my own belonging,’ but all that they had they owned together.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All who trusted in Isa were of one mind and of one liver (lit. went together in liver). Whatever one had, nobody said that that was his alone, but he shared also with (lit. to) his companions.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the unity of the believers was firm, and they were one in mind and in breath. There was not even one of them who considered his possessions, that he would be the only one to own them, but rather they considered that all of them were one in possessing them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All the believers were one in their mind/thoughts. They were not counting their possessions as their own but rather they were sharing with the needy among them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For as for all of those believers, their harmony and friendship were really sturdy. Proof was, they didn’t keep things to themselves. They didn’t keep back any of their belongings which was needed by their sibling in believing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “All the believers lived like one person. They did the same; they thought the same. No one said he had his own money, they shared all they had.”
  • Lalana Chinantec: “The people who believed the Word of God were all in agreement. They didn’t reserve for themselves all that they had. They regarded all of their things as though they were the things of someone else.” (Source of this and one above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Mark 4:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 4:6:

  • Uma: “When the sun got hot they withered until they became dry, because their roots were not deep.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When the sun shone-brightly, immediately it drooped and because it’s roots were not deep, it withered.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But when the sun came out, the plants quickly withered because their roots could go down only a little way.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But when the sun rose-high, they wilted and withered, because their roots were insufficient.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But when the heat became scorching, they shrivelled because there was nowhere where they had been able to put down deep roots.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Mezquital Otomi: “And when the sun rose it dried up and died, because its roots had not grabbed.” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (2 Timothy 1:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Timothy 1:2:

  • Uma: “This letter is from me, Paulus, I send it to you, Timotius, my child whom I love. According to the will/desire of God, he appointed [lit., lifted] me to be a apostle [messenger] of Kristus Yesus, to announce the news/message of God’s promise. God’s promise [is]: we get good life forever because of our connection with Kristus Yesus Many greetings: I call-out to God our Father and to Kristus Yesus our Lord, I request that he bless you from his white insides [grace], he show you his love, and he give you goodness of life [peace].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I send this letter to you, Timoteo. You are like my child whom I really love. May our (dual) Father God and Isa Almasi our (dual) Leader always care-for/watch over you. May they also pity/have mercy on you and cause peace in your liver.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for you, Timothy, who are like my son for I love you very much, I am writing to you. I am Paul the apostle of Jesus Christ, which is to say, I am his servant. God sent me so that I might tell the news about life forever. This is the life which He promised and which we have already received by means of our being made one with Jesus Christ. May our Father God and our Lord Jesus Christ show you kindness and mercy and give you a peaceful situation.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Here is my letter to you (sing.) Timoteo whom I count as my child whom I love. May mercy/grace/kindness (henceforth mercy/grace) and peace that come-from God our Father and Cristo Jesus our Lord be with you (sing.).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Son Timoteo, who is like my child whom I really hold dear, there-(with-you) is my next letter, I who am Pablo whom Cristo Jesus appointed to apostleship for that was the will of God. For he wants that I would teach concerning the life which is without ending which he promised. As for this life, it becomes ours because of what Cristo Jesus did through his death. I pray that hopefully with you always is the grace/mercy, kind/pitying help and peace of mind/inner-being which God the Father and our Lord/Chief Cristo Jesus give.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Very much do I love you, my son Timothy. I want that God our Father along with our Lord Jesus Christ will bless you, will give you favor, and will put peace in your heart.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 5:27)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 5:27:

  • Uma: “So they took those apostles and brought-them-before the judges. The Big Priest advised them, he said:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They brought the commissioned ones there to face the councilors. Then they were investigated by the leading priest. He said,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they arrived, they made the apostles go before the leaders, and the high priest said to them,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They took the apostles to the gathering-place of the leaders of the Jews, and they had-them-stand before them. Then the highest priest scolded (them) saying,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When they again arrived at that meeting-place, the apostles were caused to be in the presence of the members of the Sanedrin. They were interrogated by the Most-important Priest.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)