Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 Peter 3:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Peter 3:8:

  • Uma: “Finally, all of us [must/should] live in harmony, be one-command and one-heart, love one another as relatives, have good hearts and humble ourselves to others.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Now in closing/finally I say this to you: you should all be of the same mind and remember/love each other. You should love each other like siblings, you should have pity/mercy on your fellow-men and you should also have humble livers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I still have something to say to all of you, and it is: it is necessary that your thinking and your breath become one. Treat each other very well and be kind to each other, for you are like siblings. You must be very generous, and you must not hold yourselves high.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Here is the summary (lit. gathering) of what I have-been-saying. All of you make-one your minds and empathize-with (lit. feel-with) your companions. Love-one-another as brothers, show-kindness/compassion-to-one-another and be humble (lit. lower your bodies).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I have some more teaching for you all which I will add on. It is really necessary that you live lives in harmony with one another. Be merciful to one another, and value one another like you are all siblings. You must help one another and be humble.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Here is the word for all of you to do. Act so that it is though you were of one mind. Act as though you were siblings together. Let there be your compassion. Do not be proud in your speech.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 22:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 22:3:

  • Uma: “‘I am a Yahudi person. The town of my birth [is] Tarsus in the land of Kilikia, but from my childhood I stayed here in Yerusalem. And I was also well-schooled, my teacher was Gamaliel, a very respected teacher. He taught me all the laws that Musa gave to our ancestors. I faithfully followed God, like you here relatives.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘I am a Yahudi. I was born there in Tarsus in the land of Kilikiya, but I grew up here in Awrusalam. I was a pupil of Gamaliel, and I was taught very well in the law of our ancestors. And I have followed God wholly just like you now.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘I am a Jew. I was born in the province of Cilicia in the town of Tarsus, however I grew up here in Jerusalem because I was taught by Gamaliel. I was taught to thoroughly obey the law that was followed by our ancestors. And just like you today, I kept very carefully what I thought God wanted me to do.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘I am a Jew who was born in Tarsus in Cilicia, but here in Jerusalem is where-I-grew-up. Gamaliel was my teacher, and he thoroughly/carefully taught me all the laws of our ancestors. I also single-mindedly/persistently served God just like you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘I really am a Jew. Where I was born was in Tarso in the district of Cilicia. However here in Jerusalem is where I was educated, my teacher being Gamaliel. He taught me very well what was strict obeying of our handed-down laws. Therefore my obeying God wasn’t only-when-reminded-of, but on the contrary, really with perseverance. Indeed like you now/today.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 2:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 2:10:

  • Noongar: “But the angel said to them, “Don’t be afraid! I come here, bringing good news to you. This news will bring much happiness to all people.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “That angel said to them: ‘Do not be afraid, because my coming here is to bring good news to you, news that makes all people very glad.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But the angel said, ‘Don’t be afraid, because I have come to tell you good news which will make all the people glad.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And that angel of the Lord said, he said ‘Don’t you be afraid because I was sent here so that I might tell you some very good news which will be the reason for rejoicing for all mankind.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon the angel said to them, ‘Don’t be afraid! Because what I will report to you will be the cause-of-happiness of all people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But the angel said to them, ‘Don’t be afraid. There is good news which I bring which I will tell you, which will give big happiness to all people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Laragia: “. . . ‘I’ve got really good news for you, and good news for everyone in the world, too.’” (Maan batjji gurrunggurra ankiyak maan batjji binyolkkirra ankiyak.) (see Eternity News )

complete verse (1 Peter 4:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Peter 4:18:

  • Uma: “In the Holy Book it is written like this: ‘Even people whose character is straight must undergo/suffer suffering first, and only then receive goodness/salvation. Even more so evil people and those who do not submit to God!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The holy-book says hep, ‘The people who follow/obey God almost are not saved. Na, how can the people who don’t follow/obey God and the sinners be saved?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For there is a written Word of God which says, ‘If the righteous people are saved with difficulty, do you think those people who resist God and whose behavior is wicked will be saved?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This also is what God caused-to-be-written which says, ‘If the salvation of righteous people is difficult, is it indeed-the-case (RQ implying of course not) that the person who has no thoughts for God and the characteristically-sinful will be saved?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For it’s like what is contained in the writing which says, ‘Even those who are righteous/straight in God’s sight, to whom he will give salvation, they indeed have hardships now which they are experiencing. Therefore the big-size really can’t be told of the hardship which will be experienced by sinners, those for whom the will of God is really far from their mind/inner-being.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This is what was written about in the Holy Book which says: ‘If it is that it is hard to save the good person, what will happen to the person who has sin and doesn’t respect God then?'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

For the Old Testament quote, see Proverbs 11:31.

complete verse (Acts 23:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:5:

  • Uma: “Paulus answered: ‘I didn’t know that he was the Big Priest. Yet there is indeed something written in the Holy Book that says: ‘Don’t speak harshly of the leader(s) of our village.’ ‘” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Paul answered, he said, ‘My brothers, I did not know that he is the leader priest. I know that it is written hep in the holy-book saying, ‘Do not speak evil of your leader.’ ‘” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Paul answered, ‘I did not know that he was the high sacrificer because I know that the written word of God says that you should not insult the one who leads you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Pablo said then in reply, ‘Brothers, had I known that he was the highest priest, I wouldn’t have shamed him, because there is admittedly something written in the word of God that says, ‘Do not (sing.) speak-evil-of the leader of your town/country.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Pablo replied, ‘Brethren, I didn’t know that he is apparently the Most-important Priest. If I had known, why would I have spoken like that since it is indeed contained in the writing, ‘Do not speak harshly to the one in authority who is ruling over you’?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “Paul said: ‘My brothers, it is written in God’s word: ‘Don’t speak angrily against the leader of your home town.’ But it didn’t enter my head that that man is the high priest.'” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

For the Old Testament quotes, see Exodus 22:28.

complete verse (Luke 2:42)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 2:42:

  • Noongar: “When Jesus was 12 years old, they went to the Festival as always.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “When Yesus’ age was twelve years, they also went to attend the big day as usual.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Isa was twelve years old they went to that feast as they were used to do.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Jesus was twelve years old, they attended the feast according to their custom.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus was twelve years old, he went-with his parents (lit. plural father) to go to Jerusalem, because it was their yearly custom to go attend-the-fiesta at the fiesta called Passed-By.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When the age of Jesus was twelve years now, they took him with them when they next went to join in the fiesta as they always did.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Peter 1:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Peter 1:17:

  • Uma: “For at one time we (excl.) were with Yesus on a mountain, and we (excl.) saw him shine from his glory [lit., bigness of life] and the honor that he got from God his Father. We(excl.) heard a voice from God who/that is powerful that said: ‘This is my Son whom I love, he is the one who makes my heart happy.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (excl.) were really there when he was honored and when his glory/brightness was shown by his Father God. There was hep a voice from God saying, ‘This is my Child/Son whom I love very much, I am really pleased with him.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (excl.) were with Him long ago when God our (incl.) Father showed His powerful shiningness and His very great highness. We heard the word of the powerful God who said, ‘This is my Son whom I love very much; I am very pleased with Him.’ He said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because we (excl.) were his companions on the holy mountain when God the Father honored/praised him and when-he-showed his dazzling godhood. We (excl.) ourselves heard the words of the powerful God which came-from heaven which said, ‘This is my much-loved son (lit. child). He is the one who continually-satisfies/pleases-me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because we (excl.) were indeed his companions, when God the Father caused-to-be-seen the greatness/importance and glory of this Jesu-Cristo. And we (excl.) heard his words to him, coming from his far-from-ordinary glory in heaven. Those words of his said, ‘This is my very-held-dear son (lit.child), who really is my delight.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “God, his Father, spoke from above to praise him. He said, ‘This one here is my Son whom I love. With him I am pleased,’ he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 24:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 24:2:

  • Uma: “So, Governor Feliks ordered people to bring Paulus to their meeting. Tertulus was given opportunity to speak first. He began to accuse Paulus like this: ‘Our(excl.) father Governor Feliks that we (excl.) respect! Because of your (sing.) governing, we (excl.) your (sing.) people live with goodness [i.e., live well]. And from your (sing.) skill in ordering/planning, much has been fixed in our (excl.) towns.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After they had called Paul, Tertullus began stating their accusation. He said, ‘Sir, you are really prominent/important. Because of your good governorship/Because of the good way you-rule-as-governor, our (excl.) land is very peaceful, and you also do/have done a lot of good for this country/place.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And he called Paul and then Tertullus stood up because he would tell their charges against Paul. And he said, ‘Dear Governor, because of your skill leading us, we’ve had peace a long time in our province, and there are many good things that have come to pass for us.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When the governor had-Pablo -called, Tertullus spoke to accuse him. He said, ‘Honored Sir Governor! On-account-of your (sing.) skill in ruling-over us (excl.), our (excl.) life here has been peaceful for-a-long-time. You have also done much to improve this country.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then, when the governor had caused Pablo to be fetched, Tertulo began to explain-in-detail what they were accusing Pablo of. He said, ‘Respected Governor, really right from when you were seated as our (excl.) governing-official, for all this time there has been no trouble here in this land. It has been replaced by peace. Really through this governing of yours, many things have been renewed, which is for the benefit of all people under your rule.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)