Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 17:26)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 17:26:

  • Uma: “From one person, he brought forth [lit., caused to be descended] all of mankind, and he commanded us to inhabit the whole world. He established from the start the border of the land of the dwelling of every nation, and the time of their rule.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The first man created by God,’ Paul said, ‘he was the beginning of all the tribes and God made them to dwell here in the whole world. And beforehand already he set a limit as to how long and as to which land/place they should live in.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And out of only one origin he made all kinds of people, and he spread them here all over the earth. And he established beforehand the boundaries of where we human beings live and also the time of our living here.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Only-one person is whom he created at first in order that that would be the origin of the mutually-different people on the surface of the earth. He also designated long ago the time that each nation would rule and the boundaries of their countries.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And it’s true, although the origin of us people is one only, he has made the nations many now, so that this world which he created would be spread all over with people. And he indeed is the one who has determined the times and land of each of these nations, as to when he would set them up or cause them to be wiped out, and where would be the limits of the places where they would live.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “God made of one single race the people of all nations and commanded them to live on all the earth. He established the period that they should live and where they should live.”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “He made us, he gave us one blood, as many of us as live in all groups of towns, so that we might live in all the land of the earth. He has appointed what time and place we should live in.” (Source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Mark 14:71)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 14:71:

  • Uma: “Petrus swore and cursed himself, he said: ‘I indeed don’t know the person you’re talking about!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But Petros cursed himself and he swore. He said, ‘I really do not know the person you are talking about.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then Peter swore a very strong oath, he said, ‘May God punish me if what I said is not true that I don’t know that person that you are talking about.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Pedro swore-to-his-own-hurt saying, ‘May God punish-me if what I am saying is not true. I swear that I absolutely do not know the man you are talking-about.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Expletive, certainly not! I swear that even if I die (Tagbanwa-style oath),’ said Pedro, ‘I really don’t know that fellow whom you mean.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (James 2:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of James 2:13:

  • Uma: “For a person who has no love for his companion, the Lord will punish him with no love. But to the person who loves his companion, the Lord will also show him his love on the punishment day.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For in this judgment, the person who hasn’t had pity/mercy on his fellow human-being, will also not be pitied by God. But the one who has pity/mercy on his fellow-man, does not need to be afraid of being judged.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For as for God, he in the future will not pity the person who has no pity for his companion. But as for the person, by contrast, who is habitually showing pity, he has no need to be afraid for God will not punish him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because the one who is not merciful to his fellow, neither will God show-mercy to him when he judges him. But as for the one who is consistently-merciful, he will have nothing to fear at God’s time-of-judging.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because as for the one who isn’t (lit. doesn’t know how to be) gracious/merciful to his fellowman, he also won’t be shown grace/mercy when he is judged by God. But as for the one who is gracious/merciful, he doesn’t have to be afraid of anything at that time of judging.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now the person who does not have compassion towards his fellowman will not have compassion shown to him when he is judged. But the person who has compassion will have nothing happen to him when he is judged.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 18:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 18:24:

  • Uma: “When Priskila and Akwila were in Efesus, there also arrived a Yahudi person, his name Apolos. The town of his birth was Aleksandria. He was very smart in speaking, and he knew very well the contents of the Holy Book.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “At that time a certain Yahudi called Apollos arrived there in Epesus. He was born in the place Iskandal. He was eloquent/skilled-in-speaking and his learning/studies of the holy-book was deep.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “At that time a Jew from Alexandria whose name was Apollos arrived in Ephesus. He knew how to orate and he knew also how to explain the written word of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Meanwhile there was a Jew from-Alexandria who went to Efeso. His name, it was Apollos. He was skilled to teach, and he also knew much concerning what God had caused-to-be-written.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “At that time, there arrived in Efeso a Jew from Alejandria, named Apolos. He was praiseworthy in speech. He had studied well the writings which are the word of God and he really knew how to teach.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 15:31)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 15:31:

  • Uma: “So also the leading priests with the religion teachers continually mocked him. They spoke among themselves, they said: ‘Other people he helped. But himself, he is no longer able to help!” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Likewise also the leaders of the priests and the teachers of the religious law, they mocked him, they said, ‘He could help other people but himself he cannot help.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The chief priests and the teachers of the law, that’s what they did also, for they laughed at him. They said, ‘It serves him right! He freed other people but he cannot free himself.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Likewise also the leaders of the priests and the teachers of the law, they mocked him saying, ‘He emphatically saved other people, but he isn’t able-to-save himself.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As for the chiefs of the priests and the explainers of law, they were dying of laughter(fig.). They were saying, ‘He can save others, but he can’t save his own body.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (James 4:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of James 4:1:

  • Uma: “What [is the reason] that results in your having fights and arguing-back-and-forth, relatives? That appears from the evil desires of your heart. [It’s] those evil desires of your heart [that] continually wage-war in your hearts, causing [lit., carrying] you to do evil.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “What is the reason for your opposing and quarreling among you there? The reason is your greedy-desires that are fighting/challenging-each-other in your livers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “What is the source of quarrels and fightings among you? It is your evil desires which fight against good behaviour?” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because what really is the source of your quarrelling and arguing? It most-certainly arises-from the many-things that you want to-get-enjoyment-from which disrupt/disturb your good thoughts.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well where do fighting and quarreling come from? Isn’t it so that they come from your own desires which are dominant in your mind/inner-being?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Don’t you know why it is that you argue and fight each other? The evil thoughts you have win over you so that you cannot do good.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 19:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 19:28:

  • Uma: “When they heard the words of Demitrius, they were angry, and they kept on cheering/shouting: ‘Praise Artemis, the anitu of us Efesus people!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When those men who were gathered heard what Demetiri said, they were very angry. They kept calling out loudly, they said, ‘Greatly honored is Artemis, the god of the people of Epesus.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then when the many people gathered there heard this, they became very angry with Paul and company, and they shouted out, ‘Great is Artemisa the one we Ephesians worship’.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Upon their hearing that-aforementioned which Demetrius said, they became-extremely -angry, and they all-shouted-as-a-group saying, ‘Honored is Artemis who is our god here in Efeso!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When they heard, their anger wanted to explode now. They were then shouting out, saying, ‘Praiseworthy is Diana whom we taga Efeso worship!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 16:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 16:16:

  • Uma: “Those who believe and are baptized, they are lifted from the punishment of their sins. But those who don’t believe will certainly be punished.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Whoever believes and is baptized/bathed, a sign that he believes now in me,’ Isa said, ‘he will be saved. But whoever does not believe, will be hit by the judgment of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The person who believes this and is baptized will be given eternal life, and he who doesn’t believe will be condemned to punishment.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The person who believes and is baptized will be saved, but the one who doesn’t believe will be condemned to be punished.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Whoever will acknowledge-as-true and believe/obey and be baptized, it’s certain that he will be saved/freed. But whoever won’t believe, it’s certain that he will be sentenced to punishment.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)