Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Revelation 6:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 6:3:

  • Uma: “After that, the Lamb opened the second seal, and I heard the second living thing say: ‘Come here!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then the Sheep removed the second seal from the paper roll. And I heard the second angel of-different-kind call, he said, ‘Proceed now.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the young sheep removed the second mark on the scroll, and I heard the second creature say, ‘Get going!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “After-that the Sheep detached the second thing-that-was-adhering/affixed, and I heard the voice of the second creature saying, ‘Come (sing.) right-now.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “After that happened, the second fastening was then removed by that one referred to as Young Sheep. And then I heard what was spoken by the second created living being, saying, ‘Come now!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Then the Lamb broke the seal. Then the one who stood at the corner of the chair said to me: ‘Come here so that you can see well,’ he said to me.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 6:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 6:5:

  • Uma: “So, if we have indeed been connected with Yesus and with his death, certainly we will also be brought back to life the same as he.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For it is as if we (dual) figuratively have died together with him at his death, likewise it is as if we (dual) also were alive again together with him when he was made alive.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As if we died along with Christ, since He is our substitute, it is absolutely true that we will be given new life just like He also was given new life when He was raised from the dead.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because if it is true that we were joined to him in his death, it is also true that we will-be-joined in his living again.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Because when we make the judgment that we have died like Christ died, also we make the judgment that now anew we live like anew he lived.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 9:48)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 9:48:

  • Noongar: “and said to them, ‘A person who greets this child in my name, greets me; and the person who greets me, also greets the one who sent me. So the smallest person among you, he is greater than you all.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “and he said to them: ‘Whoever receives this small child because of his belief in Me, its meaning, I am the one whom he receives. And whoever receives me, he also receives the Lord God who sent me. Whoever of you is humble [lit, makes-low his life], he is the one whose life is really big.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then he said to them, ‘If there is a person and because of his trust in me he treats-according-to-custom/honors a small child like this one, it is I whom he is honoring. And if someone honors me, he also honors God, the one who sent me to the world. Whoever of you has the most lowly liver, he is the very greatest.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “and he said, ‘A person who, because of his belief in me, accepts and treats very well this small child, he has accepted me also. And anyone who accepts me has accepted also my father, God, who sent me. For anyone of you who submits himself to his companions, he is the one who is really greater among you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then he said to them, ‘Whoever receives/accepts a child like this because of his faith in me, I am the one he has received, and the one who receives me, he has also received the one who sent me. Therefore the lowest one among you, he is the highest.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And he said to them, ‘Whoever will receive this child because of his belief-in/obeying-of me, I am the one he is receiving. And the one who receives me, it isn’t only I whom he is receiving but on the contrary, including my Father who sent me. Because the one who is the most insignificant of you all, he really is the greatest/most-important.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 8:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 8:1:

  • Uma: “When the Lamb opened the seventh seal, all-of-a-sudden it was quiet in heaven for half an hour.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then the Sheep removed the seventh seal from the paper roll. Suddenly it was completely-quiet in heaven for half an hour.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when the young sheep removed the seventh mark there on the scroll, all sound was removed from the dwelling of God in heaven for a half hour.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When the Sheep detached the seventh thing-that-was-adhering/affixed to the rolled-up paper, all that were in heaven became-quiet for half an hour.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That seventh fastening was then removed next by that one referred to as Young Sheep. For the space of half an hour there was no response (implies anticipation here) in heaven.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The Lamb broke the seventh seal which was on the paper then. There in heaven for about half an hour there was no one making a sound.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 7:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 7:14:

  • Uma: “We know, relatives, the Lord’s Law is definitely good because it is from the Holy Spirit. But I here, I am just a weak human, for I am enslaved by sin.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (dual) know that the law is from God. But I am just a human being and I am always sinning, that’s why it is as if I am the slave of my sin.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) know that the Law is good because it was given by the Holy Spirit. But as for me, since I obey the desires of my body I have become like a slave to evil desires.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “We know that the law is good because it comes from God’s Spirit. But I, I am just a person who easily sins. It’s as if I have been sold as a slave of sin.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “We know that concerning the law, it all is the good word which is given by God. But we being only people, have our hearts grabbed by sin.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 10:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 10:18:

  • Noongar: “Jesus said to them, ‘I see Satan fall from the sky like lightning!” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Yesus said: ‘I saw the King of Evil-ones fall from the sky like lightning!” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said to them, ‘Really I saw the leader of demons fall like lightning. His power is defeated.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Jesus said to them, ‘As for Satan, the boss of the demons, I saw your defeat over him, and it was very quick because it was like lightning coming from Heaven.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Yes,’ said Jesus, ‘I saw Satanas falling from heaven like the way lightning flashes.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus replied, saying, ‘The being-dropped/thrown-down of Satanas from heaven/sky really happened before my eyes. The speed was like lightning.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 9:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 9:20:

  • Uma: “But the rest of the people who were not killed with those plagues earlier, they still did not repent from their evil deeds. They did not repent from their killing, sorcery, doing wrong [has a sexual connotation], or their stealing. They also did not give up worshipping demons and things made by their own hands, like idols that are made from gold or silver of brass or from wood. Those idols, they do not see, they do not hear, they also do not walk.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But the people who were left over, the people who did not die by those disasters did not regret and leave their worshiping the idols they had made. They still worshiped the demons and the idols made of gold, silver, brass, stone and wood and which cannot see, cannot hear and cannot walk.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the rest of the people, all who were not killed by the harmful horses, they did not give up their worshipping idols of gold and silver and bronze and stone and wood which they had made. These idols cannot see, cannot hear, and also cannot walk. They also did not give up their worshipping demons.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But the people who were left who didn’t die from that-aforementioned hardship, they still didn’t turn-their-backs-on their worshipping the spirits and the idols they themselves had made out of gold, silver, copper, stone and wood. They didn’t turn-their-backs-on-(them) even though those-aforementioned gods of theirs, they were not able-to-see, not able-to-hear and not able-to-walk.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But even though it was like that now, those people who were left who weren’t killed by that punishment of killing, they didn’t indeed give up their serving of familiar-spirits. And they also didn’t give up their worship of their pretend gods which they’d made, the images made of gold, silver, bronze/copper, stone and wood, which could indeed not see, hear or walk.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Yet the people who survived, not having died from these deaths did not want to turn their hearts to separate from their idols. Rather they continued worshiping evil spirits. They continued worshiping the idols of gold or of silver or of bronze or of stone or of wood. And these idols which the people worship cannot walk, their eyes do not see, they do not hear when people address them.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 8:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 8:21:

  • Uma: “That’s why all that God created hopes that the time will come when God will release the world from the power that brings death, to the point that this world really becomes free and gets a share in the bigness of life [i.e., glory] of God’s children.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “it’s as if they really are expecting that they will be made good in the future. Now all that God has created its destiny is death. But they will all become/be made new when the day comes when God honors his children. They will no longer die but they will really become good that day.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “when God will make it so that there is no longer any decay among all creation, and everything will become new just like the sons of God when they are made immortal, will be made new also.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “because it is God’s plan that all that was created will be-set-free in-the-future from the power of decay and death so that they will share-in the very-good status of his children.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “It will be a day in which no longer there will be death in the world. Then the things which have life will not spoil. All these things will happen when the day comes that God will give the good to his children.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)