Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 13:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 13:10:

  • Uma: “‘Ee you total deceiver! You (sing.) are the enemy of all that is straight! Your (sing.) behavior is just like the King of Evil-ones’! Why do you (sing.) not stop continually distorting the straight teachings of the Lord?” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Paul said to him, ‘You are a child of the leader of demons. You oppose anything that is good. You are very deceiving and your liver is evil. You always just pervert the truth from God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘You are just like Satan who deceives. You are very wicked, and you are against everything that is good, because the word of the Lord which is very correct, you say it is a lie.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “and he said, ‘You (sing.) child of the devil who opposes all that is good, you (sing.) are constantly deceiving and cheating your (sing.) fellows while-simultaneously you (sing.) make-it-worse by changing the true word of God into a lie.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “What he said was, ‘As for you, it’s like you have caused yourself to be a son of Satanas! Everything you do is wholly deceit and trickery. Whatever is righteous, you fight it. Won’t you yet stop what you are doing which is attributing-lies to the truth which is the word of God?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 11:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 11:8:

  • Uma: “They went towards Yerusalem. Many people followed them, some ahead some behind. Many spread their clothes on the roadway that Yesus was passing by on, and some also went and got tree leaves / leafy branches in the gardens and laid spread them on the roadway to honor him. Those many people, they continually cheered saying: ‘Praise the Lord God! The Lord bless the King who comes carrying his name!” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There were also many people there. The people spread their clothes on the road he was passing. Some of them scattered leafy branches on the road that they had broken off in the groves, in order to honor Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the many people because of their respect for Jesus, they spread their cloaks on the way which Jesus is passing. And others spread out there also leafy fronds which they had broken off in the groves of trees.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Many people who were there, they spread-out their outer garments on the road. The others, they spread the road with tree branches that they whacked-off at its edge in-order-to thus-honor Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Many were the people who spread out their cloaks there on the trail. As for others, they cut down branches of a plant like bagangan (small palm), that being what they put there on the trail, which was a sign of their honoring and welcoming Jesus.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Hebrews 9:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 9:24:

  • Uma: “For the worship house that Kristus entered into, it is not a house made by mankind that is a figure/symbol for the Worship House in heaven. He really entered into heaven [emphatic]. At this time, he is there in front of God to plead-our-case-as-intercessor.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For Almasi did not go into the Holy Room made by mankind. For the holy place in the world is only like an image. The real place is there in heaven. But the place he went to was really there in heaven and there he is in the presence of God asking/interceding for us (incl.).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “That’s why the thing which Christ sacrificed to God was His own blood, and because of this He entered into the real church which is in Heaven. As for the very precious room in the church here on the earth, Christ did not enter there because it is only a shadow of the true church which is in Heaven, and today He is the one who is our chief (a lawyer) who helps us there in the presence of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because where-Cristo -entered was not the Holiest Room that people had made that was only an illustration of the exact place of God in heaven but rather it was heaven itself. And that’s where he is now, representing us to God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because, as for Cristo, it wasn’t as if where he entered was the Far-from-ordinary Room of that Temple here in the world, which just people made and which was just a picture of the true worshipping-place, but rather really heaven is where- he -entered. And so now, he is there now in the presence of God, standing-up-for us.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “So Christ does not do his work as priest in the church on earth which has been made by people. For the church here on earth is only showing the form of what is in heaven. Christ then, entered heaven where God is in order to help us.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 13:42)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 13:42:

  • Uma: “As Paulus and Barnabas left that house of prayer, the people who were gathered there said to them: ‘We(excl.) request that next Sabat Day, you come again to further explain to us (excl.) that teaching.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After Paul had spoken, and as he and Barnabas were leaving that prayer-house, the people asked them to come back the following Saturday to tell them more about those things.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Paul and Barnabas went out of the church and the people said to them that they should return the next Saturday so that they could cause to be understood again that which Paul had explained.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Pablo and Barnabas were going-out, the people asked if it was possible that they repeat to teach the coming Saturday to add-on-to (lit. attach-to) what they had said.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “After that teaching was ended, when Pablo and Bernabe were now coming out, it was said to them that if possible/acceptable, would they teach those things again the following week.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:7:

  • Uma: “‘But in fact, the ones who were taking care of the field, they took-counsel, they said: ‘There comes his child, he’s the one who will become the owner of this field. Let’s kill him, so that we will own this field.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But when the caretakers of the garden saw that son of his, they planned/conferred. They said, ‘He is hep the heir. Come, let us (incl.) kill (him) so that this garden will be ours (incl.).'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “However when the son of the owner arrived, those who were in charge said, ‘At last, this is his son. Come on, let’s kill him so that we might inherit this grape orchard!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘But on the arrival of his child, the joint-farmers said, ‘This is the heir (lit. inheritance owner) of this farm. Let’s kill him to take-over his inheritance!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Whereas those ones left in charge were saying, ‘Expletive, there’s that heir! Come on now. Let’s kill him, so that this ubas plantation which he will inherit will be ours.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Hebrews 10:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 10:28:

  • Uma: “A person who did not pay attention to the Law of Musa long ago, if there were two or three people who bore-witness that he was indeed guilty, there was no forgiveness, he was punished by death.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “In old times whoever did not honor the law that God gave to Musa, if there were two or three who witnessed that he really did not honor that law, was not shown mercy but was killed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Any person long ago who did not respect the Law left behind by Moses, if three or two testified to this, he was not pitied but rather, he was killed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Let us remember what happened to even anyone who totally turned-his-back-on the law of Moses back then. As-long-as there were three or two who testified to his sin, he was sentenced to die without being-pitied.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For is it not indeed so that, whoever regarded-as-unimportant even just the laws of Moises in the past, (he) really was not forgiven, (but) was killed, if two or three witnesses testify to what he did?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now concerning the law which Moses wrote, if anyone rejected that word written in the law, then with the testimony of two or three witnesses, he could not have any mercy, he must be killed.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 14:22)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 14:22:

  • Uma: “In every village that they went to, they strengthened the hearts of the followers of Yesus, they said to them: ‘Let’s not stop believing in the Lord Yesus, for we who are God’s people must get sufferings first, but in the future we will dwell with him in his Kingdom.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They exhorted/taught the disciples of Isa in those cities where they went and caused their faith/trust to become strong. He also told them to make their faith in God steadfast. ‘Because,’ Paul and company said, ‘we (incl.) must experience many difficulties before we (incl.) can be included in the ruling of God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And they caused the believers there to understand that which would give strength to their faith. They said to them that it is necessary that they do not abandon their believing in Jesus. They said, ‘We (incl.) believers, we can only be ruled by God if we endure many hardships.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “to strengthen the faith of the disciples. In each town where they went, they instructed them saying, ‘Keep-on-persevering to believe no matter what happens to you, because it is necessary that we endure much hardship, then we will be added to God’s ruling in heaven.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “At each of those places, they were encouraging the believers and impressing upon them that, hopefully, they would hold fast to their believing-in/obeying the Lord even if they were persecuted. ‘For of course,’ they said, ‘it’s necessary that we experience many hardships before we come to the kingdom of God which is in heaven.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:39)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:39:

  • Uma: “They are happy to be seated in the honorable seats in the prayer houses. They are happy if they are seated in the good seats in the feasts.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If in the prayer-house, they want to sit in the seat for the respected people. Likewise if they are at a feast, their wish is to sit in the most prominent seat.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they are in the church, they want that they are the oens to be seated in the seats of high people. And they also want that they are greatly respected when they attend feasts.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They also choose the best seats in the sinagoga (synagogue), and when they go to join-in-eating, it has to be the important people that they go and sit-with.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And their favorite seats in the worship-place are the seats where important people are seated. It’s like that too at feasts.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Choapan Zapotec: “Also they want to sit where the respected people sit in the synagogue. Also when there is a fiesta, they want to eat first.” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)