Abraham

The name that is transliterated as “Abraham” in English means “father of a multitude,” “father of mercy,” “father of many nations.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In the vast majority of sign languages, including American Sign Language it is translated with the sign signifying “hold back arm” (referring to Genesis 22:12).


“Abraham” in American Sign Language (source )

In Vietnamese (Hanoi) Sign Language it is translated with a sign for that demonstrates his new destiny. Previously, he had been called to wander from his home, and the name “Abram” reflected this movement (see here). The new sign name is in one location and stays there, showing Abraham will be given a land to call his own. At this time, Abraham was in the southern part of Canaan, which is shown on the base arm by the location near the elbow. (Source: The Vietnamese Sign Language translation team, VSLBT)


“Abraham” in Vietnamese Sign Language, source: SooSL

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

In Tira it is transliterated as Abaram. The choice of this, rather than the widely-known “Ibrahim,” as used in the Tira translation of the Qu’ran, was to offset it against the Muslim transliteration which originates from Arabic. (Source: J.A. Naudé, C.L. Miller Naudé, J.O. Obono in Acta Theologica 43/2, 2023, p. 129ff. )

Click or tap here to see two short video clips about Abraham (source: Bible Lands 2012)

See also our ancestor Abraham and Abram.

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Abraham .

complete verse (Genesis 22:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:4:

  • Kankanaey: “On the third day, Abraham saw-in-the-distance the mountain where they were going” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “On the third day Abraham saw that place far away.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “On the third day of their journey, Abraham saw the place ahead that God had-told him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Belanda Bor: “On the third day Abraham saw this place which God told him about. (Source: Tim Stirtz and Mike Cahill in Watters / de Blois 2023, p. 422)
  • English: “On the third day of their travels, Abraham looked up and saw in the distance the place where God wanted him to go.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Sacrifice of Isaac

Image taken from an Armenian Gospel Book of 1455 in the Khizan style. (Source: Evans 2018, p. 206)

The following is a contemporary painting by He Qi:

He Qi © 2021 All Rights Reserved.

Image taken from He Qi Art . For purchasing prints of this and other artworks by He Qi go to heqiart.com . For other images of He Qi art works in TIPs, see here.

Following is an artwork by Sister Marie Claire , SMMI (1937–2018) from Bengaluru, India.

For more information about images by Sister Marie Claire and ways to purchase them as lithographs, see here . For other images of Sister Marie Claire paintings in TIPs, see here.

The following is a stained glass window from the Three choir windows in the Marienkirche, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany, of the 14th century:

Source: Der gläserne Schatz: Die Bilderbibel der St. Marienkirche in Frankfurt (Oder), Neuer Berlin Verlag, 2005, copyright for this image: Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum

Stained glass is not just highly decorative, it’s a medium which has been used to express important religious messages for centuries. Literacy was not widespread in the medieval and Renaissance periods and the Church used stained glass and other artworks to teach the central beliefs of Christianity. In Gothic churches, the windows were filled with extensive narrative scenes in stained glass — like huge and colorful picture storybooks — in which worshipers could ‘read’ the stories of Christ and the saints and learn what was required for their religious salvation. (Source: Victoria and Albert Museum )

See also other stained glass windows from the Marienkirche in Frankfurt.

Translation commentary on Genesis 22:4

On the third day shifts the scene to near the end of the journey. In some languages this change of scene requires some kind of transition. For example, “After they had been traveling for nearly three days,” “They had traveled nearly three days when….”

Lifted up his eyes and saw: this idiom may be translated, for example, “looked up and saw.”

The place afar off: that is “far away,” “a long way off,” “in the distance.” In some languages a place may be too difficult to see from a distance, in which case translators may refer to this as “the mountain.”

Quoted with permission from Reyburn, William D. and Fry, Euan McG. A Handbook on Genesis. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1997. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .