Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 John 3:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:21:

  • Uma: “So, relatives whom I love, if our hearts no longer accuse us of wrong, we are brave to face God,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore my beloved friends, if we (dual) know in our (dual) livers that we (dual) have no sin, we (dual) are not afraid to go into the presence of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And since we know that He no longer has any reason to punish us, it’s possible that our trust in Him is very big when we pray to Him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore my friends, if our thoughts/minds no longer accuse us, we are brave to approach God in our praying to him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “My dear ones, if there is nothing in ourselves which our mind/inner-being is judging, of course we will have no fear when we approach God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now, my dear brethren, if we are not afraid then we can be brave to pray to God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “You whom I love, if in our head-hearts we know that we are not guilty, we are not afraid of God.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “So if our hearts tell us that we are following God well, then we won’t fear to talk to God.”
  • Tzotzil: “You that I love, if we are one-hearted in the presence of God, thus we do not fear to talk to him.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “Ones whom I love, listen! If we don’t keep on punishing our hearts, then we won’t be agitated about fellowshipping with God (can be at ease as we come to God).”
  • Yanesha’: “My loved ones, if our hearts do not cause us to know that already we have done that which is not good, our Father completely we count on.”
  • Aguaruna: “Those I love, if our heart telling us it does not condemn us, without fear, we are able to ask of God,” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)

complete verse (1 John 5:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 5:9:

  • Uma: “Even mankind’s testimony we believe, how much more the testimony of God himself. For that is God’s testimony talking about his Child.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) believe the witness of humans/men. God’s witness is stronger and this is God’s witness about his Son.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) can be convinced by the witness of mere people, however the witness of God is greater than that, and because of that it is necessary that we believe it. He has testified that Jesus is His Son.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “We admittedly believe what people confirm, but if we believe that, we should especially believe these three which were God’s means-of-confirming concerning his Child, because what God says is of course more important/valuable.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “If we believe the testimony of man, the testimony of God is much sturdier, therefore of course it’s necessary that we believe it. And as-was-said, God is really testifying that Jesu-Cristo really is his Son.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If a person says a word and we believe what he says, won’t we then believe what God says? And it is God who gives testimony who his Son is.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “If we believe the words of people, why the words God speaks are of greater value. The words which all three witnesses speak are the words which God speaks of his son.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “If we believe the word of people, but then it is more important (necessary) to believe God’s Word, because in it God witnesses about his Son.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we believe the word of people here in the world, more it needs we believe God’s word. God has told us that Jesus Christ is his Son.”
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “If we believe that which people tell us, even more so we should believe God’s telling (that which God has told us). For it is greater. For God Himself said, ‘Jesus is my Son.'”
  • Yanesha’: “If we receive people their causing-to-know, people’s causing-to-know serves. Our Father, his causing-to-know is the thing which exceedingly serves. That which is our Father, his causing-to-know is this: He caused us to know his Son.”
  • Aguaruna: “If another tell, we believe what he tells; but truly that which God tells about his son, more truly we are able (ought) to believe.”
  • Murui Huitoto: “God tells us about his Son. If we receive the word spoken by people we will truly receive the word spoken by God because God’s word is greater.” (Source for this and three above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)
  • Garifuna: “God said the same to us about his offspring. If we receive people’s word (message, saying), God’s word (message) is bigger in order /for we receive it.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 1:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 1:7:

  • Uma: “If we walk in the light, like God is in the light, we are in harmony with one another, and he cleans us from all our sins because of the blood of Yesus his Child who died to be our redeemer.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But if our (dual) dwelling is in the light as God is in the light, then we (incl.) all are of one liver, and because of the blood of Isa, the Son of God, all our (dual) sins are taken-away and we (dual) are now clean/holy.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If our way is bright just like God is bright, which is to say, if we have submitted ourselves to God, we have a close relationship to each other, and we are always being cleansed from any of our sins by means of our being annointed with the blood of Jesus, the Son of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But if however we remain where it is light/bright as God does, then our companionship with our fellow believers will be good and at-the-same-time all our sins will be being washed on-account-of the blood of Jesus his Child.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But if we are always living in harmony with the light/enlightenment, being far from sin, just like God, for as for him, he is really wholly in the light, our fellowship who are believers in him will really be good. And as for that blood of Jesus his Son which was shed (lit.caused to drip), it cleanses us, because it removes all our sins.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If we live good, just as God does only good, then it is true that we are friends with each other. And all our sins are acquitted because of the blood shed by Jesus Christ.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “God is like light because he does good. And if we also walk doing good, then our head-hearts are just one each of us with the other of us (in). Jesus Christ God’s son, died shed his blood to wash our head-hearts with all our evil.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “But it we are walking in the light, where God is, then the same-way we think, and the blood of Jesus Christ, God’s Son, continually cleans us of all our sins.”
  • Tzotzil: “If all of us walk along in sunlight like God is in the sunlight, therefore one we become for sure. God continually washes out all our sins by the blood of Jesus Christ, His Son.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “If we walk in light, if as He Himself does we also do, we fellowship together. As we do that Jesus, God’s child, keeps on cleansing our sins with his blood.”
  • Yanesha’: “But this, if we walk in the light thus like he, he is in the light, we are one, all of us. His blood of of his Son who is Jesus rubs (erases) from us all our sins.”
  • Aguaruna: “But if we walk light-place, the same as he walked, we stay (reciprocally) content (happy) with others. We doing it like that, Jesus, God’s Son, his blood eradicates (erases, washes out), (for our benefit), our sin.” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)

complete verse (1 John 2:29)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:29:

  • Uma: “Kristus always follows God’s will. You know that, relatives. So you also know: all people who follow God’s will, they are-children of God [more literally, they are-related-as-child-to God].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You know that Almasi is straight/righteous therefore you know that whoever does the straight/righteous, he is God’s child.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) already know that Christ is righteous. We also know that anyone whose behavior is righteous, he has already become the child of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You admittedly know that God is righteous, so you should also understand that all those who are doing what is good and right are children of God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You are well aware that God is really righteous. So therein you will be able to comprehend that as for those who do what is righteous in the sight of this God, they are the ones whom he regards as now being his children.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now you know that Jesus Christ lives completely good. Also it is necessary that you know that all who live good, these are God’s children.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “As you know that Christ walks straight (is righteous), likewise you know that all of us who walk straight are children of God.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “We know that God is entirely good. And likewise they whoever habitually do good, we know they are born anew of God, and are his children.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we know that he is straight-hearted, thus we know also that we are his (God’s) children if all that we do is straight.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “Jesus is the straight one-emphasis. If you know that, then you know this also: the person who lives straight is-in-the-state-of-having-become-a-child-by-means-of-God.”
  • Yanesha’: “If you know that he, fitting completely whatever he does, you know also whoever does that which is fitting, already he is born from him.”
  • Aguaruna: “You know Christ, the blameless one, ‘He is like that’ saying and this also you ought to know, ‘A person who words good, that one is a child of God.’ saying.

complete verse (1 John 4:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 4:9:

  • Uma: “Like this God showed/caused-to-appear his love to us: his only Child he ordered here to the earth, so that we could get life from that Child of his.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Like this God shows his love to us (dual): he sent to the world his only Son so that we (incl.) have life without end in heaven because of his Son.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “God sent here His only Son to the world so that by means of Him we might come to our life without end. That was His showing His love to us (incl.).” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And the way he showed his love for us, he sent his only Child to this earth so that we would have a way to get/benefit-from the life that has no end on account of him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Yes indeed, God has really shown the big-size of his valuing of us when he caused his one-and-only Son who is without equal to come down here to the world, to take the punishment for our sins, so that he could give us life which is without ending.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “It is apparent that God loves us because he sent his only Son here on earth so that we are able to encounter new life because of him.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “He sent his only son to this earth, he paid for our guilt in order that he gave us eternal life. Therefore we know that God loves us.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “God showed us real (good) love, in that he sent here to the world his only Son, so that we will find new life in his Son.”
  • Tzotzil: “God sent his Son here in the world. God only has one Son. He sent him in order that we live because of him. Thus God let us know that He loves us.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “God sent His Son, though only one, to the world. For us to live by means of Him He sent Him. By that we recognize God’s love.”
  • Yanesha’: “This is how he caused to appear for us our Father his love, he sent his son, his only one, here to the earth, thus completely he causes us to live.”
  • Aguaruna: “God caused love to be seen. His Son, his only one, he sent him to this world here, ‘Let them live always,’ saying.” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)

complete verse (1 John 5:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 5:20:

  • Uma: “What we know: God’s Child arrived in the world, and he made-clear [i.e., enlightened] our hearts so that we know God who is true. We are in harmony with that God who is true, for we are in harmony with Yesus Kristus his Child. He is the God who is true. From him we get good life forever.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) know that God’s Son has come and has given us (incl.) understanding therefore we (incl.) know now the true God. And we (incl.) are really now one with the true God because we (dual) are one now with his Son, Isa Almasi. He is the true God and is the one giving everlasting life.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) also know that the Son of God has come here to the world, and He has given to us (incl.) understanding so that we might be the friends of the true God. We (incl.) have become one with the true God, for we have become one with His Son Jesus Christ. He is the true God; He is the source of life without end.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Third, we know that God’s Child came to this earth and he has illuminated our minds so that we can know the true God. Therefore we have been joined to the true God for we have been joined to his Child who is Jesu Cristo. He is the true God just the same and the source of life that has no end.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And we really know that the Son of God came down here to us, and he has now given us the ability to understand, so that we will really recognize/know the true God. Today we are now in harmony with God because we are now united/tied-together with his Son Jesu-Cristo. The truth is, as for this Jesu-Cristo, he really is the true God who is the source of life which is without ending.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now we know that the Son of God has come here and given us understanding so that we know who was the true God. Now we walk with the true God, Jesus Christ, the Son of God. This one truly is God and he gives the new life forever.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “And we know that God’s son has come and has caused us to understand in order that we know the person who is truly God. And we are joined together with the person who is truly God in that we are joined together with Jesus Christ.The true God is Jesus Christ’s father and he gives eternal life.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “And we know that God’s Son really arrived in the world. And he caused us to know God, the true (who is really) God. And we live with the real God because we live with Jesus Christ. And he is truly God, He who gives us the new life of our hearts that will never end.”
  • Tzotzil: “We know also that the Son of God came. Because he has given us the wisdom of our hearts therefore we have come to know the true God. We are in the presence of the true God because we are in the presence of his Son, that is Jesus Christ. He is the true God. He gives us our life forever.”
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “Surely we know about God’s Son, the one who has arrived. God’s Son has given us understanding that we might recognize the one who is the true-one. We live with His Son Jesus Christ the true one. He is the very-true, very-God, the very life eternal.”
  • Yanesha’: “We, we know that our Father, his Son came. He caused to arrive on us thus we know him who is completely true. We know also, that already we are one with him who is completely true, who is His Son who is Jesus Christ. This is the one who is our Father of a truth. This is that therein we are not in a mortal state, forever.”
  • Aguaruna: “God’s child came to cause us to know, in order that we see (know) God. God is truth. We are (live) in him. We are (live) also in his Son Jesus Christ. He is truly God, the one who gives always live.” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)
  • Garifuna: “We know that God’s offspring has come in the world. Then he caused us to know the genuine God. We are with (progressive) the genuine God, the one who is Jesus Christ God’s offspring. That God is the genuine one. Also he is the one who gives the life which does not end to us.” (Source for this and three above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (1 John 2:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:8:

  • Uma: “But even so, the command I write to you here is new. It is indeed true, this command is a new command. You know this from the Lord Yesus himself, and from your new behavior too. For the dark/night is already disappearing-more-and-more, and the true light has begun to shine.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But it is also possible that we/one (dual) consider this my writing as a new command. This command was followed by Almasi and is also followed by you. The darkness is beginning to leave/go away, and the real light is shining.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And even though this is an old command, it’s as if Jesus just commanded it to us because the darkness is now being removed from the earth and we are already being illuminated by the true doctrine.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But it is as if this command is new nonetheless, because its proper fulfillment was seen in what Cristo did and so also in your way of life today. Because the darkness is already leaving/going-away and the proper light is shining.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But also, it’s like there is a new command which I am writing about this valuing. Because as for this valuing, it really came true in the life of Jesus. And you also, you are now making a habit of this valuing. Well since it’s now like that, what it’s like is, it’s as if the darkness which is sin is now disappearing. The true light/enlightenment which comes from God is now giving light in your minds/thinking.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now it is as though a new word I am ordering you to do, because truly it is taking away the darkness that covers the earth. Now, in that the word is going everywhere, it is as though a light were lighting things where the word goes. Jesus Christ really did what this word says, and now you also are doing what this word says.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “But this which he commands us to do, that we love one another, is also new because when we obey this commandment, it is true that we no longer walk in darkness but walk in the true light, just as Christ fulfilled this commandment and He did not walk in darkness but walked in the true light.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “But this word is as though it were new, because the true light is shining in our hearts. It removes the darkness. So truly we love our fellowmen as Christ showed us.”
  • Tzotzil: “It is like a new command because it is important. Because the darkness is going away, because is already shining the true sunlight. Jesus Christ showed that the command was good. You have shown it too.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “However, as for being a new order, it is new. For the darkness has begun to pass away. The true-kind light has begun to be diffused (shine). By means of Jesus this (the order) is the very truth. By means of you also it is true.”
  • Yanesha’: “However, I do write to you again apart, anew that which you are to do, which is true as thus he used to live, which is true as thus you live, too. The darkness is going, passing by. That which is the light completely of a truth, already it is all lighting.”
  • Aguaruna: “but it is like new because now the light, the truth, going it causes darkness to be lost. That new word, that is true, because Christ completed it and because you all also are completing it.” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)

complete verse (1 John 3:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:11:

  • Uma: “This is the news that you heard from the first: we must love one another.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When you first trusted in Isa Almasi you heard this preaching that we (incl.) should love each other.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It’s necessary that each one of us love our companions. This is what was taught to us (incl.) when we first believed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The true teaching that you have been hearing since when- you -believed, it is this: it is necessary that we love-one-another.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “This indeed is what you heard which was taught to you from long ago, that we value one another.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The word which you heard at the first says that each one of us must love all our fellow believers.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “And this word you have heard since you began to trust in Christ, that we must love our fellows each of us the other.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “Because this is the command that we were told at the beginning, that we love one another.”
  • Tzotzil: “Thus says God’s word that you heard when you believed: Love one another, it says.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “This message is the one which you first heard. ‘May they love one another,’ he said and ordered. This in the one.”
  • Yanesha’: “These are words which you have heard from the beginning thus we are to characteristically love one another.”
  • Aguaruna: “That which you heard, when you first heard, it is this word, ‘You all love one another,’ that.” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)