Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 18:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 18:4:

  • Uma: “Every Sabat Day, Paulus exchanged words with the people who gathered in the house of prayer, both Yahudi and Yunani people. His purpose was to make their hearts clear [i.e., enlighten them] so that they might believe in the Lord Yesus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Every Saturday, Paul went to the prayer-house of the Yahudi and discussed with the people there. He persevered/tried-hard to convince the Yahudi and the Girik that his teaching was really true.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And every Saturday Paul went to the churches of the Jews, and he argued there so that the Jews and the Greeks might understand that what he taught was true.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Every-Saturday moreover he went and joined-in-discussions at the synagogue in order to persuade (desired result) Jews and Gentiles to believe in Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Each Day of Rest, he taught in the worship-place of the Jews, for he was explaining the Good News so that hopefully the Jews and Griego who worshipped there would also believe.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 15:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 15:11:

  • Uma: “But the leading priests had incited the crowds, they said to them: ‘Request that he release for us Barabas!’ They did request Barabas.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But the crowds had been persuaded by the leaders of the priests that they should request Barabbas to be released, not Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But the priests told the people that they should ask that Barabbas be released, and that’s what the people did.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But the leaders of the priests, they persuaded the many-people to request that Barabbas be released not Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But the chiefs of the priests had prompted (bad connotation) the people that the one they should ask for to be released from imprisonment was Barrabas.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (James 2:25)

Following are a number of back-translations of James 2:25:

  • Uma: “So also [is] the account of Rahab, the woman long ago whose actions were unseemly. Several Yahudi soldiers were ordered to go reconnoiter/spy in the enemies’ village, and this Rahab is the one who invited-them-to-stop-in her house and helped them leave going-on another road. It was from that good behavior of hers that she was treated-like a straight person.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Likewise also Rahab of old. In the beginning she was a bad woman (immoral implicit). But she was reckoned straight/righteous by God because of the good she did. She hid in her house the people of the tribe of Isra’il who spied. And then she sent them home following a different road so that they wouldn’t be found by their enemies.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Just like that also was the faith of Rahab, the woman long ago whose reputation was bad. The reason God considered her to be righteous was because there were good actions of hers, for she brought into her house the messengers of Joshua. And she helped them to escape by means of a different way.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It’s also like Rahab who was a prostitute long ago. God counted her as righteous on account of the good that she did to the Jews whom God sent to spy on her town/country. Because she showed-them -hospitality and she also showed them the path-they -would-take to escape.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Rahab was like that too, that woman of the past who was using her body as a source of income. For isn’t it so that, when she decided to submit to God, she happily welcomed into her home/household the two people who had been sent to survey by the Israelita? And then she gave them directions as well about the trail they were to follow so that they could run away. Well because of that which she did, which testified that her believing was genuine, she was regarded by God as righteous in his sight.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “It was like this with Rahab, the prostitute. God acquitted her of sin because of the good she did. Because the messengers of Joshua went to look over the land and arrived to where this woman lived. When the messengers were hunted, she hid them and told them to return by another way so as not to be captured.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 19:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 19:8:

  • Uma: “While Paulus was in the town of Efesus, he always went to the Yahudi house of prayer. For three months, he spoke with no fear, exchanging words with the people who gathered there. He taught them the way to become God’s people in his Kingdom, he explained to them [lit., made-clear their hearts] and he invited them to believe in Yesus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then, Paul entered the Yahudi prayer-house and he spoke to the people about God’s ruling. He had no fear to speak to them. For three months this was what he did. He debated/discussed with them and tried-to-convince them and there were some who trusted in Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And every Saturday for three months, Paul was together with the Jews in their worship, and he was not hesitant in teaching them. There were many reasons which he gave to them so that they might believe his teaching about the kinging of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Three more months is what Pablo taught in the synagogue, and he was bold to discuss-with them concerning the ruling of God in order that they would (desired result) be persuaded to believe.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “From that time, each Day of Rest which arrived, Pablo went into the worship-place of the Jews and taught. For the space of three months, he explained boldly concerning the kingdom of God, so that hopefully he might cause them to believe.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 15:43)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 15:43:

  • Uma: “a person named Yusuf the Arimatea person came. Yusuf was a Yahudi religion judge [sitter] who was honored, for a long time he had waited for the time God would be King on earth. Yusuf dared/emboldened-himself to go to Pilatus to request Yesus’ body.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “This Yusup was a man from the town Arimati. He was a respected councilor. He was waiting for the fulfillment of the things-foretold about the ruling of God. So-then he dared to go to Pilatus and he requested the body of Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “When it was already afternoon then on the day of preparation which was followed by the Day of Rest, Joseph of Arimathea came. He was one of the respected leaders of the Jews. He was one of the people who was waiting for the fulfillment of the prophecies about the rule of God. Then he removed from his breath his fear and went to Pilate and begged that he might get the body of Jesus.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “there was Jose from-Arimatea who dared to go to Pilato to request the corpse of Jesus. Jose, he was one of the honored leaders of the Jews who was waiting for the arrival of God’s ruling.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jose who was a taga Arimatea arrived, who was a praiseworthy tribal leader acknowledged as important, who was a member of the Sanedrin. Like those women, he was one of those expecting/waiting-for the kingdom of God. He dared to go to Pilato and ask for the body of Jesus.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (James 4:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of James 4:13:

  • Uma: “This is my advice to you who have high hearts [i.e., are haughty]. You speak like this: ‘Today or tomorrow morning, we (excl.) will leave for so-and-so village, we’ll (excl.) stay there for about a year doing business and we’ll (excl.) make a profit.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Listen to me, you the ones who say that tomorrow or the day after you will go to another country/place and live there for one year to trade in order to gain/earn much money.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Listen you who say, ‘Today, and if not then tomorrow, we will go to another town, and there we will do business for a year in order to get money.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All right then, if there are some among you who say, ‘Today or tomorrow we (excl.) are going to a different town to do-business there for a year so that we (excl.) will get-rich (lit. get-monied).’ Think-over this that I say.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Think too about this which I am saying, you who say, ‘Today or tomorrow we (excl.) will go to that city. About a year is how long we (excl.) will be there. We(excl.) will-go-into-business there so that money will increase.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “There are some who say among themselves: ‘Today or tomorrow let us go to some city. We will live there one year, we will find that to work at, we will gain money,’ they say. But those who speak like this should listen to this word here.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 19:40)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 19:40:

  • Uma: “Because what we are doing is very frightening. The Roma government will say that our gathering is to make a rebellion/opposition. And if we are accused, what could we say, because we have no right [lit., seat] to make this noisy meeting.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because we (incl.) are in danger, we (incl.) might be accused because of the trouble that happened this day, when (in fact) there is no cause-for-it. Na, we (incl.) cannot give any excuse for this our (incl.) gathering.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because we might be asked today why we rioted in this way, and we have no reason to give why we did this.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because here-now I am worried, because if they file-charges-against us to our leaders in Roma on-account-of this rioting/disruption of yours, what perhaps will we give-as-an-excuse, because there is emphatically no proper cause-for-it?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For if the government in Roma finds out that we have done like this, it’s certain that we will all be accused of breaking their law which forbids making trouble. There really will be nothing we can come out with in defence of that trouble a while ago.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 1:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 1:8:

  • Noongar: “One day Zechariah worked inside the Temple, because it was his day standing as priest.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “One time, it was the turn of the priests descended from Abia to hold the work of God, and Zakharia worked the work of the priest in the House of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then, one day Jakariya and his group took turns in priesting in the big prayer-house (after this ‘temple’).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now the time arrived when Zechariah and his fellow descendents of Abiah were the ones to act as priests in the large church called the House of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “One day, the turn (lit. responsibility) of plural Zekarias arrived to serve God in the Temple (loan Timplo).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Once, since it had come again that Zacarias’ group would do the work of priests in the Templo, that’s why Zacarias was serving in the presence of God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)