Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 18:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 18:23:

  • Kupsabiny: “If you do these things, and believe/accept that God is the one who said (it), then you will not be overloaded. This people will go to their homes without murmuring when their things have been solved.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “If you do this, and if God agrees, you will be able to work for a long time and all these people will go homes satisfied.’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “I know that this is what God wants you (sing.) to-do, and if you (sing.) follow/obey this you (sing.) will- not -be-burdened/have-a-hard-time. And these people can-go-home in peace.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “If you follow like this, and God is in agreement with it also, you will stand strong in this work, and the people will be at peace (lit. have smooth interiors) and so return back.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “If you will do thought my this [which] God says to you thus, this work, you will endure it, and this people, they will return home with joy.»” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “If you do that, and I think that God is telling you to do it (OR, if God tells you to do it), you will not become exhausted, and all the people will be able to go home feeling satisfied about the decisions, with their disputes settled quickly’.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 20:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 20:3:

  • Kupsabiny: “Kneel to/worship (plur.) me alone, and do not worship other/any useless things.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “You shall not worship other gods besides me.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘[You (plur.)] do- not -worship other gods besides me.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘No other god is able to exist as your (sing.) god. I alone am your God.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Not god other have. Have be me alone.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • Mofu-Gudur: “You must not bow-down/worship other gods, (as for) bow-down. For me only (the only one). (Source: Ken Hollingsworth)
  • Buduma: “That you add to-me god another not.”
  • Nigerian Fulfulde: “You all will not follow other gods, except me only.” (Source: Mark Gaddis)
  • Jur Mödö: “Do not make (or “take”) anything as God for yourselves except me.” (Source: Andrew Persson)
  • North Azerbaijani (Azərbaycan Bibliyası 2008): “Except from me other gods must not be.”
  • English: “So you must worship only me; you must not worship any other god.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 21:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 21:9:

  • Kupsabiny: “When a man has bought a girl and let his son marry her, then he should take care of her like his (own) daughter.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “If he selects her for his son, he should treat her as a daughter.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “If the master lets- the slave -marry his child/(son), he must consider her as his female child/(daughter).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And if he chooses that woman to be his son’s spouse, he must be doing good and upright behavior toward her, as he is doing to his daughter.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “If he bought her as wife of his son, he must count her as his daughter.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “If the man who buys her wants her to be a wife for his son, he must then treat her as though she were his own daughter.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 22:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 22:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “If someone is grazing his livestock/animals in the grazing area and they come and eat/destroy the crops in somebody’s garden, he has to give out/compensate to the other person using the crops/food in his garden.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “If a man deliberately lets his animal loose and it goes into another man’s vineyard; he must pay for all damages by giving him from the best of his own field or vineyard.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘If a man lets his livestock/animals graze in the field of another, he must pay-for the plant that-was-grazed with the best produce of his field or his field of grapes/(vineyard).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘If a man brings his tame animals to eat grass at the garden, or close to a oain garden, but those animals overstep the boundary and then go eat another man’s garden, the owner of those animals must pay back good food and good oain to the owner of the garden.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “If a man herds animal or untie it [that] it might go eat, and it went eat sorghum or fruit in farm fields of a man, he must give it with his sorghum with his trees which be good.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “If someone allows his animals to graze/eat the grass in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay the owner of those crops by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 23:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 23:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “A vulnerable/weak person should not be pressed down when he is being reconciled with (the) other person.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Do not hold back to offer justice to the needy people.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘You (plur.) be-sure that the poor will-get justice in their case.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘If they make a poor man to testify on charges, you (pl.) can’t mustn’t speak falsely about him. Lest they not straighten his dispute well.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “If they judge people, judgement of poor people and judgement of rich people let it not (imp.) [body] divide.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Decide the cases of poor people who are on trial as fairly as you decide the cases of other people.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 24:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 24:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “After that, he sent some young men to go and burn sacrifices to God. They also made sacrifices using young bulls which they removed/brought for fellowship (offering).” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then he sent some young men to offer burnt offerings to the LORD and also offered bull as an offering for a good relationship.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And he sent the young [unmarried] men of Israel to go make offerings to the Chief. Some animals they put onto the fire, and so the fire cooked [it] so that it completely burned and was finished, and they offered other newly grown bulmakaos, to be for an offering for them to be in agreement (lit. a single interior) with God.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And he select youths from children of Israel. They go burn animal with fire for The Lord on altar, and they give cows for gift(s) of peace there.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “He/I also selected some young men. They burned sacrifices to Yahweh and they also sacrificed some cattle that they did not burn completely, for the purpose of maintaining fellowship with Yahweh.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 25:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 25:19:

  • Kupsabiny: “to be one with that lid. Let one touch this side of the lid and another touch the other side.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “and cherubim put at both side of atonement of cover. To make cherubim and atonement of cover at one piece of gold.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then [you (sing.)] have-(someone)-make two gold cherubim on each end of the cover/lid of the Box. They should be only one form of the cover of the Box.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “You (pl.) must take a single piece of gol and then hit it with a pounding stone and so make the box’s top with its two kerubim, one on one side, and the other on the other side. Make one on the edge of the box’s top on our (incl.) right side, and the other on our left side. And so these two kerubim will stay on the edge of the box’s top on this side and that side.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “One, you make it on right, and the second you make it on left. Cherub, you shall pound it together with head of box which be place-of-mercy.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “One of these is to be put at each end of the chest, but the gold from which they are made must be joined to the gold from which the lid is made.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 26:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 26:11:

  • Kupsabiny: “After that, someone prepare fifty clips/hooks of bronze and enter them into the rings in those two cloths to join together and become one.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then having made fifty hooks from the bronze join the two (large) pieces of cloth making one.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and fasten this with 50 bronze clasps/hooks.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And also, you (pl.) must make fifty bras hooks and then attach them to the ring-handles to be for the joining together of these two big cloths. [When] it’s like that then it becomes like one huge cloth.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “you pound metal red for loops which be 50, tie it inside of loops, in order that ceiling of tent it be one.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Tell them to make fifty bronze clasps/fasteners and put them in the cloth loops to join the two sets together. As a result, the cover for the Sacred Tent will be as though it was one piece.” (Source: Translation for Translators)