Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 9:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 9:18:

  • Kupsabiny: “I am telling you the truth: And/So by a time like this tomorrow, hailstones will pour badly like it has never happened any day from when the land of Egypt was begun until now.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Therefore tomorrow at this time I will send a very great hailstorm. No such hail has ever fallen on Egypt from the time it was founded till now.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So tomorrow, at this same hour, I will-cause- ice -to-rain extremely strongly, which has- never -happened in Egipto since it was-built/founded.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Therefore listen. Tomorrow at an hour like this, I will cause big rain which has hard raindrops like stones to fall in the area of Isip. In the past, [when] the Isip area newly came up and until today, no big rain like this [ever] fell.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Look! On this hour tomorrow, I will make rain (n) it might rain (v) hail. Kind of hail which will fall [your direction] down, there is no one who before has seen it in Egypt, beginning in years which people began living [in] Egypt until now.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “So listen to this: About this time tomorrow I will cause very heavy hail to fall in Egypt. From the time Egypt first became a country, there has never been a hailstorm as bad as this one will be.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 10:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 10:15:

  • Kupsabiny: “The whole ground was dark/black. Those locusts ate all the trees and any other thing which the hailstones had left so that there was no green thing that remained in Egypt.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They covered all the ground until it was black. They ate all that was left after the hail. Everything growing in the fields and fruit on the trees. Nothing green remained in all the land of Egypt.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They covered the whole-of Egipto until the land seemed-to become-black. They ate the leftover plants/crops that were- not -destroyed by the rain ice, including all the fruit on the trees. No plants/crops were-left in the whole-of Egipto.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “They covered the surface of the ground so that it was black. Therefore they ate all the food and things which the hard raindrops hadn’t destroyed. They didn’t leave any tree fruit or leaves existing in the area of Isip. They ate all of them until they were finished.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “It filled land of Egypt all until earth became black during daytime. And food which remained in field, and fruit which remained which hail not spoil, it ate it all. On country of Egypt all, there was no ear green one which remain in tree with grass.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “They covered the surface of the ground and made it appear black. They ate all the plants in the land and everything on the trees that had not been destroyed by the hail. Nothing that was green was left on any plant or on any tree, anywhere in Egypt.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 12:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 12:8:

  • Kupsabiny: “The meat that you will eat must be roasted and you it eat with bitter herbs and with bread that has not risen.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “That same night having roasted the meat of the lamb over the fire you must eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “That night, what you (plur.) are-going-to-eat is the roasted sheep, bitter plants, and bread that has-none-of that-which-causes-to-expand.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “On that night you (pl.) will roast your sipsip on the fire and when it’s done, then eat it together with greens having a bitter taste and bret which has no yis existing in it.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “On that night, let them roast sheep/goats with fire, eat it with herbs bitter and bread which lacks yeast.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “They must roast the animals immediately and eat the meat that night. They must eat it with bread that is baked without yeast and with bitter herbs.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 12:40)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 12:40:

  • Kupsabiny: “The Israelites had stayed/lived in Egypt for four hundred and thirty years.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Israelites had been living in Egypt about 430 years.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The length-(of-time) the Israelinhon lived in Egipto was about 430 years.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “The Israel people were living in Isip for a duration of four hundred thirty (430) years.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, years which people of Israel lived in Egypt, be years which be 430.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “The Israeli people had lived in Egypt 430 years.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 13:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 13:21:

  • Kupsabiny: “During (the) day God led those people by a cloud like a pillar so as to show them the way, and/but during (the) night, he led (them) with a pillar of fire to give them light so (they) could travel during day and night.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “So they would be enabled to move on day and night and to show them the way the Lord went ahead of them by day in a pillar of cloud and by night in a pillar of fire.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “During the day, the LORD would-guide/lead them by a thick cloud, and during the night they were-guided by a flaming/blazing fire that gave them light, so-that they could-travel, (knew where to go) by day or night.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And day by day, Chief God was present inside a long cloud and so was going ahead of them and showing them the way. And night by night he was present inside a long fire and so was shining upon them. [Since] it was like that, then they were able to travel night and day.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “During daytime, The Lord was preceding for them, appearing as pillar of cloud, in order that they might recognize road. At night, he was preceding for them, appearing as pillar of fire. Therefore, even if sun it might be hot, even if [eye] it might be dark, people of Israel were able to go.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “When they traveled during the daytime, Yahweh went in front of them in a tall white cloud to show them the way. During the night, he went in front of them in a tall cloud that looked like a fire. By doing that, he enabled them to travel in the daytime and also at nighttime.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 14:31)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 14:31:

  • Kupsabiny: “It held the mouth of the Israelites (made them speechless) when they saw the power/authority of God defeat the Egyptians and they obeyed/respected/feared God so much. They trusted/believed in God and his servant Moses.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “And when the Israelites saw the great power the Lord displayed against the Egyptians, the people feared the Lord and put their trust in him and in Moses his servant.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The Israelinhon saw the great/mighty power of the LORD that he used against the Egiptohanon, and because of this they respected and trusted the LORD and his servant Moises.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “The Israel people saw the Chief surpass the Isip people with his great power like that, and so they were afraid and respected the Chief, and they believed in (lit. had a firm interior toward) him and in his laborer Moses also.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, when people of Israel had seen power of The Lord which he conquered Egyptians, they feared much, and they believed him and his servant namely Moses.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “The Israelis saw what Yahweh did to the Egyptians by his great power , and they were in awe of Yahweh. They trusted in Yahweh and they also trusted Moses/me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 16:5)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 16:5:

  • Kupsabiny: “On the sixth day, let each one collect food two times surpassing those of before.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “On the sixth day they have to gather twice as much as they gather on the other days.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Tell them to double their gathering of bread on the sixth day of each week.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And on the sixth day, they will get food enough for two days and then cook [it] in advance so that it’s ready.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “On day sixth, when they gather bread [body], they must gather that which be sufficient days two.»” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “On the sixth day after I start doing that, they will be able to gather twice as much as on the other days, and not have to gather any on the seventh day. Then they can prepare it to eat it on the 6th and 7th days.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 17:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 17:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “The people of Israel left the wilderness of Sin and wandered as God had told them. Then later/in the end, they stretched their tents at Rephidim, but there was no water to drink there.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “All the Israelites set out the desert of Sin traveling from place to place as the Lord commanded. They camped at Raphidim. But there was no water to drink.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “According-to the command of the LORD, the entire community of the Israel left the desolate-place of Sin and continued walking/traveling. They changed-places/transferred from one place to the other place. Later on, they camped at Refidim, but they did- not -have water to-drink there.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “All the people of Israel left the desolate area named Sen, and then walked and went from place to place as the Chief told them to. And when it was done, then they made camp in the area named Repidim. And there, no water was existing for the people to drink.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And people of Israel were traveling moving as The Lord was saying to them. They arose from wilderness of Sin, went encamped Rephidim. And there was no water which people were drinking there.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Obeying what Yahweh commanded, all the Israeli people moved from the Sin Desert. They/We traveled from one place to another. They/We camped at a place named Rephidim, but there was no water there for the people/us to drink.” (Source: Translation for Translators)