Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 39:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 39:23:

  • Kupsabiny: “(They) cut an opening in that robe to be used for entering the head when dressing and stitched something thick round that neck not to become torn quickly.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They made a hole at the center of it, they sewed around the color keeping cloth for not to be torn.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This clothes has hole in-the center for the head and seems has collar so it will- not -tear.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And he left a hole in that long robe for his head to go into. And he sewed that hole with his neck’s cloth so that it became somewhat thick and so it wasn’t able to tear.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “They make its neck [so that] it be strong, and they reinforce it [so that] it not (imp.) tear.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “It had an opening through which the priest would put his head. They sewed a border around this opening, to prevent the material from tearing.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 40:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 40:12:

  • Kupsabiny: “Lead Aaron with his sons to the compound of the Tent and perform a cleansing ritual.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “And then bringing Aaron and his sons inside the entrance of the Tent of Meeting make them take a bath.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘Bring Aaron and his sons to-the entrance of the Tent Meeting-Place and have- them -take-a-bath there.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘And when it’s done, then bring Aron and his male children and to go stand at the opening of my shelter, and then wash them with water.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “When you will anoint these many things [with] oil will be finished, you (sing., imp.) call Aaron and his children [to] door of tent, wash them [body] there with water.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Then bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the Sacred Tent, and wash them ritually with water.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 1:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 1:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “The sons of Jacob who went with their father to the land of Egypt together with their children are these:” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The names of the sons of Israel who went to Egypt with Jacob taking their own family are” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “These are the male children of Jacob who went-with/accompanied him to Egipto, with their families:” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “The male children of Iakop who went to Isip with him, each of them went with their spouses and their children. The names of Israel’s male children are as follows:” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “When Jacob had gone Egypt, his children who they went with them together were” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “The sons of Jacob who went to Egypt with him along with their families were” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 2:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 2:11:

  • Kupsabiny: “When Moses grew up, he visited his people of Israel. And when he looked/inspected, his people suffered from the work they were doing. He also saw how an Egyptian was beating an Israelite.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When Moses had grown up, one day he went out to where his brothers, the Israelites, were. There he saw them having to do hard labor. Then he saw an Egyptian brutally beating a Hebrew.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “One day, when Moises had-grown-up/[lit. was now big], he went to his blood-relatives, and he saw that they are-being-oppressed and causing- (them) -to-work very hard. He saw an Egiptohanon beating a Hebrew who (was) his blood-relative.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “It came about later that Moses grew up and then went to see his own Ibru people. But he saw that they were doing the difficult work of the great chief of Isip. He saw a man of Isip hitting an Ibru man badly.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “When Moses had grown, on day past thus, he went to his people, went saw hard things which they do. And he saw man of Egypt hitting a Hebrew, one of his tribe.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “One day, after Moses/I had grown up, he/I went out of the palace area to see his/my people, the Hebrews. He/I saw how they were being forced to work very hard. He/I also saw an Egyptian man beating one of his/my Hebrew people.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 3:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 3:18:

  • Kupsabiny: “Those leaders will listen to you. Then that is when you will go together with them to the ruler/king of Egypt, and you (plur.) tell him that, ‘Our God has appeared to us. Therefore, we request you to allow us to have a journey of three days into the wilderness and burn/offer sacrifices to our God.’ ’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “‘Then the leaders of Israelites will listen to you. After that you go with them to the King of Egypt and say, ‘The Lord of the Hebrews has met with us. So please allow us to go on a three-day journey into the wilderness to offer sacrifices to The Lord our God.’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘The ones-who-rule Israel will-listen to you (sing.). And then, you (sing.) and the ones-who-rule are-to-go to the king of Egipto and say to him, ‘The LORD, the God of the Hebrews appeared to us (excl.). So if possible allow us (excl.) to-go for three days into the/a desolate-place to-offer to the LORD our (excl.) God.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘The elders of Israel will listen to you and so follow your talk. And when it’s done, then you and those elders will go to the great chief of the Isip people and so speak to him like this, ‘The Chief God of us (excl.) Ibru people met with us and so said for us to come ask you to allow us to go the desolate area, for a duration of three days, and then we will kill animals to be for our offering to our Chief God.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “God again said to Moses «They will hear word your. And you with elders of people of Israel, you go to king of Egypt, go say to him like this ‹God of Hebrew namely Yahweh, he visited us (excl.). Therefore, you permit for us (excl.) it that we (excl.) might go wild for days three, that we (excl.) might go give God our (excl.) namely Yahweh gift(s) on altar there.›” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “My people will do what you say. Then you and their leaders must go to the king of Egypt, and you must say to him, ‘Yahweh, who is God, the one we Hebrews worship, has revealed himself to us. So now we ask you to allow us to travel for three days to a place in the desert, in order that there we may offer sacrifices to Yahweh, our God.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 4:28)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 4:28:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then Moses narrated all things to Aaron on what God had told him. He also told him concerning all signs/miracles that God was going to do.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “After that Moses told Aaron everything that the Lord had sent and brought him (Aaron) to say. Moses also told him about all the miracles and signs the Lord ordered him to perform.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Moises then told Aaron everything the LORD had-commanded him to-say, and all the miracles that he was-being-commanded-to-do.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “It came about that Moses explained to Aron about all the things which the Chief sent him to say and about the miracles which he commanded him with.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And word which The Lord sent Moses that he might go tell and sign which he said to him that he might do, he told it for Aaron.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Moses/I told Aaron everything that Yahweh had said to him/me when he told him/me to return to Egypt. He/I also told Aaron about all the miracles that Yahweh told him/me to perform.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 6:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 6:6:

  • Kupsabiny: “Therefore, go and tell the people of Israel that, ‘I am God. I will release you from that slavery in Egypt and I will save you. I will lift up my hand of power so that those people of Egypt will meet very bad things.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Therefore, say to the Israelites, ‘I am the Lord. I will bring you out from slavery in Egypt. I will lift up my hand and redeem you by inflicting on them mighty acts of judgment.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So tell the Israelinhon: ‘I am the LORD. I will-set- you (plur.) -free from slavery in Egipto. Through my power, I will- severely -punish the Egiptohanon, and I will-save/deliver you (plur.).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “‘Therefore you must bring my talk to the Israel people like this: I am the Chief. And I will save my people from the hands of the Isip people, from the heavy things they are doing to you (pl.). And I will unbind you in order that you leave your laborer work and so live well. And in my great power, I’m going to save you and then punish the Isip people very badly.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, you say people of Israel ‹I am Yahweh. I will untie you from burdens heavy which Egyptians were putting on you back. I will save you from slavery your. I will take away you, reaching out hand, punishing Egyptians with punishments which be big.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “So tell the Israeli people that I said this: ‘I am Yahweh. I will free you from the burdens of heavy work that the Egyptians have given you. I will free you from being their slaves. With my great power and by punishing them very severely, I will save you.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 7:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 7:8:

  • Kupsabiny: “God told Moses and Aaron that,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD said to Moises and Aaron,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “It came about that the Chief spoke to Moses and Aron like this,” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And The Lord said to Moses and Aaron” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh said to Moses/me,” (Source: Translation for Translators)