The Greek that is typically translated as “self-control” in English is translated in Yamba and Bulu as “(a) cool heart.” (Source: W. Reyburn in The Bible Translator 1959, p. 1ff. )

In Eastern Highland Otomi it is translated as “be careful what one does,” in Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac as “determine that they cannot do the things that are not good, and in Highland Popoluca as “not do like our evil thoughts want.” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

In the dominant Protestant German translation by Martin Luther (all editions) it is translated with Keuschheit or “chastity” in Galatians 5:23 and in the Catholic Einheitsübersetzung as Enthaltsamkeit or “abstinence.” While both of these versions used the Greek text as their source, these translations that emphasize the sexual component of “self-control” might well be influenced by the Latin Vulgate translation that translated the one Greek term (ἐγκράτεια) with two Latin words: contentia (“temperateness”) and castitas (“chastity”). See also fruit of the Spirit). (Source: Jost Zetzsche)