Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Hebrews 9:26)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 9:26:

  • Uma: “For if it were like that, certainly from the creation of the world many times he would have undergone suffering to the point of dying. So, in this time close to the Kiama Day, he has appeared just one time in this world to wipe-away the sins of mankind by his giving of himself to be killed.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because if he would do that often, that would mean that he suffered and died often since the world was created. But this is what he did, he came here only once in a human body when the world was coming close to the end and he took-away/removed the sin of mankind because he sacrificed his own body.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “because if that were necessary, beginning from the creation of the world, He would have to suffer dying many times. But that is not necessary because what He did in this time when the world would soon come to an end is: He appeared so that He might remove our (incl.) sins by offering His own body. And He did this only once.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because if of course he had done that, he ought to have suffered many-times beginning from the creation of the world. But the truth of it is, he came only once to this earth in these last days in order to remove sin by means of his offering of himself.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For if Cristo needed to constantly shed his blood would that not mean that he would have had to die over and over again since the creation of the world? But it was not like that but rather, now/today, at this time of the fulfilling of all that was being done in the past, once only he came-down here to the world in order to erase the sin of people. What he erased it with was his own blood which he shed on that one occasion.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If it were that he kept on dying over again, then all the way back to when the world was made, he would have been dying over and over. But what has actually happened is that when it was going on to end these days, then Christ arrived here and gave up himself to be put to death. but only one time he died in order to become the sacrifice forever. He paid for all the sins of people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 13:44)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 13:44:

  • Uma: “So, the next week on the Sabat Day again, almost all the townspeople gathered wanting to hear the Word of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When the next Saturday had come, almost all the people in that town were gathered there to listen to God’s word/message.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then on the next Saturday there were very many of the inhabitants there in Antioch who gathered together at the church because they would listen to the word of the Lord.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “(When) it-became-Saturday again, almost all the inhabitants gathered to join-in-hearing the word of God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When the Day of Rest came again, almost all the people of that city gathered in the worship-place, for they wanted to hear the word of God being taught.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:9:

  • Uma: “From there, Yesus said to the Yahudi leaders: ‘So, what will the field owner do? He will certainly come and kill those who were taking care of his field, and his field he will give to other people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Na,’ said Isa, ‘what will the owner of that garden do to the caretakers of his garden? He will go and kill them and he will give his garden to others to care for.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then Jesus said again, ‘Since that happened, what will the owner of the grape orchard do? He will come to those people and kill them, and he will give that orchard to others.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus said, ‘What perhaps will the farm owner do to those joint-farmers?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well now, what will be done by that owner of the ubas plants? He now will be the one to go there, for he will wipe out those ones left in charge. And then he will cause that ubas plantation of his to be tended by other farmers.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Hebrews 10:30)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 10:30:

  • Uma: “So, let’s not let-go-of our faith, relatives, for we know the Word of the Lord that say: ‘I am the one who avenges, I am the one who punishes.’ And it is also written like this: ‘The Lord judges [lit., sits-on] the cases of his people.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For we (incl.) know God who said this, he said, ‘I will retribute, I will pay them back.’ And he also said, ‘It is God hep who judges his people.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For we know that God has said, ‘I will repay; I am the one to punish them because of their evil behavior.’ There is also a written word of God which says, ‘God will check up on the behavior of His followers.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because we know that none other than God said, ‘I am the one who has authority to take-revenge. I am the one who will pay-back.’ He also is the one who said, ‘I the Lord am the one who will judge my people.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because we know well (lit. not lost to us is) the ability of the one who said, ‘I am the Judge of people. I only will be the one to reciprocate.’ And it is also written, ‘God will certainly judge his people.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Yet we know what God will do. Because he said: ‘As for me, it is for me to apply punishment. I will pay back what people do,’ he said. And God said that he will judge the people who are in his hand.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 14:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 14:24:

  • Uma: “After that, Paulus and Barnabas continued their journey passing the land of Pisidia arriving in the land of Pamfilia.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Paul and company had passed through the place Pisidiya, they arrived in the place Pampiliya.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Paul and company retraced their way and went back to the province Pisidia, and they arrived there in Pamphylia.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then they walked-through the province Pisidia, and they went to Perga a town in Pamfilia. When they preached there, then they went to Attalia,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “After all of that, they then left Pisidia and returned to Panfilia.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 12:41)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:41:

  • Uma: “Yesus sat close to the box for putting offering money in, and he watched the people who were putting in their offering money in it. Many rich people put in no small amount of money.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then Isa was sitting facing the container-for money in the temple. He was watching the people dropping money into the container. Many rich people dropped much money.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There was a time then when Jesus was sitting inside the church, the House of God, near the place where the money offerings were put. He was watching the people putting their offering in the container. There were many rich people there putting in a large amount of money.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus went and sat facing the place-for-inserting money in the Temple. Then he watched the many-people inserting (as through a slot) their money. Many rich-people inserted much.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well Jesus sat down there beside where money was dropped which was being given there in the Templo. He was observing the people who were dropping (money). Many were the wealthy who were dropping large amounts.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Walmajarri: “When Jesus was sitting in God’s house, men and women were going through. They were putting money in for God. As they were going they were putting it into a vessel for money. Jesus was sitting looking at them.” (Source: Callow 1972, p. 75)

complete verse (Hebrews 11:23)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 11:23:

  • Uma: “[It was] from the faith of the parents of Musa, [that] they hid him for three months after his birth. They saw he was attractive, and they were not afraid to transgress the command of the king of Mesir.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The mother-father/parents of Musa also trusted in God. Even though the sultan had ordered that all newly born male children of the Yahudi should be killed, they were not afraid. When Musa was born they hid him for three months because they saw that he was very beautiful.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And also as for those parents of Moses, they had big faith in God; because even though the king commanded that all of the male children of the Jews should be killed, they were not afraid; and when Moses was born they hid him for three months so that he might not be killed, for they saw that he was a very beautiful child.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The parents (lit. plural father) of Moses also had faith, so when he was born, they weren’t afraid to not obey the king’s command that the recently-born Jewish boys had to be killed, but instead they hid him for three months, because they saw that he was a lovely/fine baby.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, because also of the big-size of their believing/obeying and trust in God, as for the parents of Moises, they were not afraid to go against the law of the king there in Egipto. When they observed that that child of theirs was a far-from-ordinary person, they secretly looked after him for three months.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The father and mother of Moses believed that it is true what God says. Therefore when Moses was born they were not fearful of the word commanded by the ruler, that the sons of the Jews should be killed when they were born. Seeing that Moses was beautiful when he was born, they hid him for three months.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 15:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 15:28:

  • Uma: “‘Relatives, this is the decision that we (excl.) have reached according to the desire of Holy Spirit, and that we (excl.) also like, we (excl.) your leaders, in order that we not make-it-difficult-for you with all sorts of commands. You are not forced to follow the Law of Musa. Only this we (excl.) need to say to you:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For the Holy Spirit and we (excl.) agree that you are not to be burdened over-and-above these commands which should really be obeyed:” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The Holy Spirit has caused us to understand, and we agree also that we will not make you carry out the difficult law that was left.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “What we (excl.) want to tell you, it is indeed also what the Holy Spirit wants, because he has caused-us (excl.) -to-think/decide that we (excl.) not hardship you by insisting that you follow our (excl.) customs. It is only these commands that you must obey.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, through the inspiring by the Espiritu Santo, we (excl.) decided not to burden you very much. But as for these things, we (excl.) think that it’s really necessary that you follow/obey them.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)