Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 7:43)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 7:43:

  • Uma: “You worshipped a lord that called Molokh, and his house you continually carried around with you. You also worshipped the idol that looked like the star Refan. It was those images that you made to worship. That’s why I will allow you to be taken captive, and carried away, as far as the far side of the village of Babel.’ Those were the words of the Lord God to our ancestors long ago.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But what you were carrying along was the place-for-keeping the image of your god Molok, and the image in the shape like a star your god Rompa. Those were the images which you made for you to worship. Therefore I will send you away beyond the land of Babilon.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The things you carried around were the place where you caused Moloch to live, the one you worship and also the image of the star which you worship which is Rephan. These are images which you made that you worship. That’s why I am going to have you taken far away there beyond the place Babylon.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It was certainly not, because what you kept-taking-with-you, it was the tent of the false/imitation god called Moloc and the star-image of the false/imitation god called Refan. Those were the false/imitation gods you made in order that you might worship-them. Therefore I will cause-you -to-be-removed so that you will go to a country that is farther than Babilonia.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Proof was, you were carrying around the representations you had made of the created-things which are in the sky, they being what you were worshipping. What I am referring to which you were carrying around were the collapsible little-houses which were where you worshipped the representations of Moloc, and too, that image of Renfan which was made like a star. That’s why I determined that you be attacked, and be taken beyond Babilonia.”” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 6:27)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 6:27:

  • Uma: “He at once ordered a soldier to go get the head of Yohanes the Baptizer. The soldier went to the prison and chopped off his heard.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Immediately he commanded one of the soldiers of his guard to go and get the head of Yahiya. So-then the soldier went to behead Yahiya in the prison.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then he sent a soldier to the prison to cut off the head of John the Baptist. And the soldier went there and he cut off the head of John the Baptist.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore he sent a soldier immediately to go get Juan’s head. The soldier went to the prison and cut-off his head.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He ordered the guard at once to bring to him the head of Juan. The one he ordered obeyed. Juan was beheaded there in prison.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Titus 2:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Titus 2:8:

  • Uma: “Your speech must always be true with nothing that can be faulted. If your actions are like that, people who are not on our side will just end up being embarrassed, because there will not be any evil speech for which they can disparage us.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Your words ought to be only good so that the people do not put-down/criticize your teaching, and so that the ones-opposing-us (incl.) are also ashamed because there is no reason for them to put us (incl.) down/criticize us (incl.).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Whatever you teach must come from the correct doctrine so that it might not be spoken of as error. And then our (dual) enemies will have nothing to criticize us for, rather they will be ashamed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “See-to-it-also that what you (sing.) teach is correct so that no one will belittle. For if what you (sing.) do is like these, those who are opposing-us will be ashamed, for they will not be able to speak-evil-of us.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Ensure that your speech is wholly good and true so that no fault can be found in it. Isn’t it so that if it’s like that, those ones who are opposing you will be ashamed for there’s nothing they can negatively-criticize us for.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Let it be the good word which you speak, never let it be incorrect words which you speak. Then those who are angry with you will not be able to find how to criticize you. Then they will be ashamed.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 8:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 8:15:

  • Uma: “When Petrus and Yohanes arrived there, they prayed requesting on behalf of the Samaritans who had believed in the Lord Yesus, that the Lord give them the Holy Spirit.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When they arrived there, they prayed to God for the ones trusting in Isa in order that they would be entered into by the Holy Spirit.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They went there, and they prayed that the Samarians might be given the Holy Spirit,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When they arrived, they then prayed-for the ones who had believed so they would receive the Holy Spirit,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When those two arrived there, they prayed for those taga Samaria who had believed, that they also would be indwelt by the Espiritu Santo, just like the Jews who believed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 7:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 7:3:

  • Uma: “For all the Yahudi people are very strict in following the customs of their elders, especially those who follow the teaching of the Parisi people. They don’t eat until they have washed their hands according to custom.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The custom of the Pariseo and all the Yahudi is that they do not eat if they have not first been able to wash their hands following the teaching of their forefathers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For the Jews, especially the Pharisees, they do not eat if they cannot wash their hands for that was the custom handed down by he old folks long ago.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because the Pharisees and likewise also the other Jews, they follow the custom inherited from their ancestors that they do not eat if they haven’t washed their hands correctly first.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For as for the Judio, especially the Pariseo, they wouldn’t eat if they hadn’t washed their hands according to their customs handed-down from their ancestors.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Philemon 1:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Philemon 1:10:

  • Uma: “Let’s say my request [formulaic way of beginning request], that you receive well this my child Onesimus. I really consider-him-my-child, because while I was in prison here, I was the one who led him to believe in the Lord Yesus. So, I am the one he considers-father in the faith.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I request-from/ask-of you because of Onesimus. He is already like my child and I have already become his father because I influenced/carried him to trust in Isa while I am/was here in prison.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I beg you to forgive Onesimus. Because of his faith in Christ he is like my true son, for by means of me he became a believer here in the prison.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Please-be-so-kind (indicates strong request) as to show-mercy to Onesimus who became my child in/by faith while I-have-been-imprisoned.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Now/today I am initiating-an-agreement with you now concerning this child of mine in believing who is Onesimo. He is like my child for even though I am being-imprisoned, he believed my teaching to him concerning Cristo.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The favor I ask you is that you take pity on Onesimus. He is like he were my own son. The message I speak here in prison was believed by him.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 9:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 9:7:

  • Uma: “As for the companions of Saulus, they could no-longer speak, they were frozen/immobilized by their fear. Because they also heard the speaker, but they could not see who was speaking.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The travel companions of Saul stood there amazed/startled. They heard the voice but they did not see anybody.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the companions of Saul stopped and they were not able to say anything. They were afraid because they heard that person speaking, but they didn’t see anything.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Saulo’s accompanying-group, they were shocked-motionless/speechless, because they heard the voice, but they saw no one.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Saulo’s companions who were traveling with him were just standing around. No-one could make any response, for they could hear the sound of the voice but they couldn’t see any person who was speaking.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 7:35)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 7:35:

  • Uma: “He became able to hear, and his tongue became flexible. His speech become clear.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Immediately the ears of the man heard and his tongue was loosened and his speech was clear.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then immediately the man could hear and the stiffness was gone from his tongue, and his speaking was straight.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then right-away the man’s ears truly were able-to-hear-again. His speech-impediment also was removed and his speech was straight.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, (his ears) truly did develop-sharp-hearing, that person now being able to hear. And what-was-causing-him -to-be-unable-to-form-words was removed. His speech was now clearly-understandable.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)