Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 2:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 2:8:

  • Noongar: “In that country, shepherds were working outside in the night, looking after their sheep.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Outside Betlehem town, there were several shepherds. While they were taking care of their sheep in the fields that night,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Na, that night there were caretakers of sheep in that place staying awake to watch their crowds/flocks of sheep in a grassy-place in open-country.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And on that night, nearby that town, there were some people in the pastures because they were pasturing their domestic animals which were sheep.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “During that night, there were people in the pastureland who were guarding their sheep.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That night, there were some shepherds guarding their sheep there at the feeding area.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Peter 4:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Peter 4:16:

  • Uma: “But if you are persecuted because you are Kristen person, don’t be ashamed of it. Say thank you to God, for you are indeed followers of Kristus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But if you endure troubles/difficulties because you follow Isa Almasi, na, don’t be ashamed but really thank God because you belong to Isa Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But if the reason you have to suffer painful things is because you have believed in Christ, don’t be ashamed of that, rather you would give big thanks to God because Christ has come to own you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But if you are hardshipped because of your faith in Cristo, do not be ashamed but rather praise/honor God, because you are counted as people of Cristo.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But don’t regard it as shame if you are sentenced to judgment because you are submitting to Cristo. On the contrary give thanks to God, because you are recognized/acknowledged as being included in his people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If one suffers because he follows Christ, let him not be ashamed. Rather let him thank God that he believes in Christ.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:3:

  • Uma: “Paulus retorted: ‘May God slap you (sing.) as well [curse formula], you (sing.) are just good the outside! You (sing.) sit over there, wanting to decide my case according to the Law of Musa, yet you (sing.) yourself transgress that Law of Musa because you (sing.) ordered me slapped!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Paul said to Ananiyas, ‘God will punish you. You are good only on the outside but your heart is evil. You are sitting there to judge me in accordance with the law but you are the one who does not follow the law in that you commanded me to be slapped,’ Paul said.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Paul said to him, ‘As for you whose worship of God is a lie, surely God is going to punish you. Because according to the teaching of our law, you are sitting there to check up on me. However, you break that law because you commanded that they slap me.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon Pablo said to him, ‘You (sing.) pretend judge, in-the-future indeed (prophetic formula) God will also slap you (sing.)! Because you (sing.) are seated there to try me according to our law, but you (sing.) broke that law, because you (sing.) had-me -slapped.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “After being slapped, Pablo spoke. He said to Ananias, ‘It really will happen that you also are caused hurt, but God will be the one hurting you. You only make a pretence of your following/obeying him. For there you now are, sitting, supposedly to judge me according to the laws, but you now are the one breaking this law, for you ordered that my mouth be slapped.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 2:40)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 2:40:

  • Noongar: “The child grew and became strong; he became full of truth and knowledge, and God blessed him.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Their child got bigger and stronger. His heart was very clear, and God blessed him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The child grew and became strong. His knowledge increased and God was very pleased with him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And that child grew big and his body became strong, and he was a very wise child and God blessed him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And that’s where-the child -grew-up, becoming-strong and having extreme skill/intelligence, because God was helping him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus grew up strong and his wisdom/understanding was far from ordinary, for he was always being helped by God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Peter 1:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Peter 1:15:

  • Uma: “That is why I also am exerting effort, so that later after I am dead, you can still remember all this.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore I really strive to remind you so that you always remember what I said here when I have died.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And because of this I will do as much as I can so that you will not forget what I have taught you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I thus put-forth my efforts (lit. ability) so that even though I leave this earth, there will still be that-which remains-unchanged which will cause-you -to-remember these-things that I have said.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore I will strive to make a way/trail by which these things won’t get removed from your mind/thinking, even though I am no longer here in the world.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I do all I can to speak the word to you in order that when I have died, always the word I told you will come to mind.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 23:35)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 23:35:

  • Uma: “he said: ‘OK. I will examine your (sing.) case as soon as your (sing.) enemies arrive.’ After that, he ordered his soldiers to guard Paulus in the large house that King Herodes had built long ago.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “he said to Paul, ‘Your accusers must first arrive, before I will listen to your excuses.’ Then he commanded that Paul to be guarded there at the palace of Herod.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “the governor said, ‘I will investigate the things you are accused of when your accusers arrive.’ And then he had soldiers guard Paul and he had him placed in the palace of King Herod.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “the governor said, ‘I will then try/investigate you (sing.) when your (sing.) accusers come.’ Then he commanded that he be guarded in his house that King Herod had caused-to-be-built previously.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “he said, ‘When these who are bringing a case against you arrive, then I will properly elicit-all-the-information.’ And then he ordered that Pablo be guarded by soldiers there in that house which had been caused to be built by the past king Herodes.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 3:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 3:20:

  • Noongar: “Then Herod did a worse thing: his police seized John and tied him up in prison.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “So, when Herodes heard that admonishment of Yohanes, he didn’t [implies contra-expectation] change his evil actions, he just added to them: he arrested Yohanes and put him in prison.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Herod added yet to his bad doings, he put Yahiya in prison.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now one of those days when all the people had finished being baptized, Jesus also had himself baptized by John. And then Jesus prayed, and while He was still praying, the heaven was opened and there landed on him the Holy Spirit who looked like a dove. And then God was heard speaking in Heaven, and He said, ‘You are my precious son; I am very pleased with you.’ There were very many things still that John taught those people, because he caused them to understand the good news. And as for John, he told the people that the custom of Governor Herod was bad because Herod had stolen his sister-in-law, Herodias, who was the wife of his younger brother Philip. And that which John told about was not the only evil doing of Herod because there were many other very evil things that he did. And that’s not all the evil that he did because he put John in prison.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But Herod, he became increasingly wicked/malicious and had-Juan -imprisoned.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But well, Herodes in fact increased the size of his sin, for the time came when he caused Juan to be imprisoned.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Peter 3:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Peter 3:4:

  • Uma: “they will say: ‘Yesus promised to come later. Yet where is he! We(excl.) don’t believe it, for since our (incl.) ancestors died long ago, this world hasn’t changed. Everything has been just the same since the world was first created until now.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “they say, ‘Did Isa Almasi not promise that he would come back? Na, where is he now? Our (incl.) forefathers have died,’ they say, ‘but this world has not changed since it was first created.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘Where is Christ maybe, for He promised long ago that He would return here to the earth, but we cannot believe anything like that for starting with the time long ago when our first ancestors died, until now nothing has changed; things are just the same, starting from the creating of the world until now.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “saying, ‘Jesus promised to return, isn’t that so? Where is he then? Our ancestors have already died and he has not yet come. Since the creation of the world until now, it is just the same with nothing having changed.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For they will say, ‘Didn’t Cristo promise that he would indeed return? Well where is he, for he hasn’t come yet? Our parents are almost all dead already, but look-at-this he isn’t here yet. Really nothing has changed, for everything is going on according to the natural course of the world from its creation.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “They will say, ‘You say that Christ said he would come. Well, then, where is he now? How many days have passed since our ancestors have died and still we see that things are just like when the world began,’ they will say.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)