Jacob's dream (image)

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The following image is a hand-colored stencil print on momigami by Sadao Watanabe (1968).

Image taken with permission from the SadaoHanga Catalogue where you can find many more images and information about Sadao Watanabe.

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complete verse (Genesis 28:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 28:15:

  • Kankanaey: “It is moreover utterly true that I will be with you (sing.) continually so-that I will take-care-of you (sing.) wherever (lit. even-if where) you-(sing.)-go. Then I will also escort you (sing.) to return to this country here. I will not moreover leave/abandon you (sing.), but rather I will fulfill all that I promised to you (sing.),’ God said.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “I am with you. No matter where you go I will be caring for you. And I will bring you back here. I will not leave you until the work of [my] promise to you has been fulfilled.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Always remember that I am-with you and I will-watch-over you wherever you go. I will-have- you -return to this land and I will- not -leave you until I have-fulfilled my promise to you.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “I will help you and protect you wherever you go, and I will bring you back to this land. I will not leave you; I will continue to do for you all that I have promised to do.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Genesis 28:15

Behold, I am with you and will keep you wherever you go: Behold serves to call Jacob’s attention to what the LORD is saying. Good News Translation says “Remember….” Other translations say “Listen!” or “Don’t you forget….” I am with you assures Jacob that the LORD accompanies or goes with him to guide, direct, and protect him. In some languages this may be rendered as a habitual present or future; that is, “I am always with you” or “I will always be with you.” Keep you means “guard,” “watch over,” “protect” you.

Bring you back to this land: as Jacob is traveling away from Canaan to Haran, this land again refers to Canaan, where he began his journey.

For I will not leave you until I have done that of which I have spoken to you: the LORD’s promise not to leave Jacob means that he will not abandon, forsake, depart from Jacob. Until I have done … should not be interpreted to mean that the LORD will leave Jacob after he has done what he had promised. Accordingly it may be necessary to translate, for example, “I will not leave you; I will do everything that I have promised to do.”

Quoted with permission from Reyburn, William D. and Fry, Euan McG. A Handbook on Genesis. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1997. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

first person pronoun referring to God

Like a number of other East Asian languages, Japanese uses a complex system of honorifics, i.e. a system where a number of different levels of politeness are expressed in language via words, word forms or grammatical constructs. These can range from addressing someone or referring to someone with contempt (very informal) to expressing the highest level of reference (as used in addressing or referring to God) or any number of levels in-between. One way Japanese show different degree of politeness is through the choice of a first person singular and plural pronoun (“I” and “we” and its various forms) as shown here in the widely-used Japanese Shinkaiyaku (新改訳) Bible of 2017. The most commonly used watashi/watakushi (私) is typically used when the speaker is humble and asking for help. In these verses, where God / Jesus is referring to himself, watashi is also used but instead of the kanji writing system (私) the syllabary hiragana (わたし) is used to distinguish God from others. (Source: S. E. Doi, see also S. E. Doi in Journal of Translation, 18/2022, p. 37ff. )

See also pronoun for “God”.