years (age)

In Aekyom, years are counted as “turtles” (ambum).

Norm Mundhenk tells this story:

“Recently I was checking some New Testament material in the Aekyom language of western Papua New Guinea. It seemed relatively clear until suddenly we came to a passage that started, ‘When Jesus had 12 turtles, …’ Surely I had misunderstood what they said.
“‘Did you say that Jesus had 12 turtles?’
“‘Let us explain! Around here there is a certain time every year when river turtles come up on the banks and lay their eggs. Because this is so regular, it can be used as a way of counting years. Someone’s age is said to be how many turtles that person has. So when we say that Jesus had 12 turtles, we mean that Jesus was 12 years old.’
“It was of course the familiar story of Jesus’ trip with his parents to Jerusalem. And certainly, as we all know, Jesus did indeed have 12 turtles at that time!”

In Tok Pisin, krismas (derived from “christmas”) is taken as the fixed annual marker, so Jesus had 12 “christmases” (Jisas i gat 12-pela krismas pinis) or Abram (in Gen. 12:4) had 75 (Abram i gat 75 krismas) (source: Norm Mundhenk). In Noongar it is biroka kadak or “summers had” (source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang).

See also advanced in years.

complete verse (Genesis 25:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 25:7:

  • Kankanaey: “As for Abraham, he had already reached extreme old age (id. horned his knee), because he yeared one-hundred and seventy and five, then he died. And his spirit (ab-abiik = human spirit only) went and joined the spirits of his ancestors.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “All together Abraham lived for 175 years.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abraham lived 175 years.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham lived until he was 175 years old.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Genesis 25:7 - 25:8

Note that Good News Translation combines verses 7 and 8 into one brief statement. Translators may wish to follow this model.

These are the days of the years of Abraham’s life: These points forward to the number of years Abraham lived before he died. As with “days” in 5.5, the sense of the idiom days of the years is “Abraham lived to be,” “Abraham reached the age of,” “This is how long Abraham lived.” Abraham was seventy-five years old when he entered Canaan (12.4), and he spent one hundred years there before he died.

Abraham breathed his last and died: breathed his last translates a verb used here and in verse 17 meaning to “expire,” “die.” The use of the two verbs “expire” and “die” together is found in poetic contexts. Good News Translation says only “died.” However, Revised English Bible make breathed his last part of verse 7: “Abraham had lived … years when he breathed his last.” If it is natural in the language of the translation, we may say, for example, “Abraham took his last breath and died.”

In a good old age means “when he was very old,” “at a great age,” or “after having lived a long life.”

An old man and full of years is a double repetition of the previous thought.

And was gathered to his people: in 15.15 the expression is “go to your fathers.” It is generally accepted that the two expressions are equivalent. However, there are different interpretations of the meaning. Note that Good News Translation takes this expression to mean the same as “died,” and considers gathered to his people as a repetition of breathed his last and died. Another view is that gathered … people refers to being placed in the burial place with those who have died before. Others take it to refer to being in Sheol, the place of the dead in the deep parts of the earth. Still others understand it to refer to being remembered by the living as one of the honored ancestors. With the possible exception of Good News Translation, all the major modern translations in English retain some form of this expression.

Because it is expressed as a passive construction, it may be necessary to shift to the active and say, for example, “He died and united himself with his kinsmen,” or “He died and joined his dead kinsmen.” In some languages it is important to make clear that the kinsmen or relatives are dead ones: “He died and joined his relatives who had died before him.”

Quoted with permission from Reyburn, William D. and Fry, Euan McG. A Handbook on Genesis. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1997. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .