son vs. grandson

“Son of x, son of y” must be rendered as “son of x or grandson of y” in Tibetan or else it will sound like two different people. (Source: David Clark in Clark / Desnitsky 2009 , p. 21).

Note: The same translation solution is chosen in many contemporary English Bibles that emphasize easy readability, such as the Contemporary English Version, Common English Bible, Good News Translation, God’s Word, or New Living Translation.

See also father / grandfather.

son of

The Greek and Hebrew that is translated as “son of” in English is translated in all Icelandic Bible versions of the Icelandic Bible Society (latest edition 2007) in parallel with the Icelandic naming system . This means that for instance in Matthew 16:17 the name that is transliterated and translated in English as “Simon son of Jonah” becomes “Simon Jónasson” or in Isaiah 8:2 “Zechariah son of Jeberechiah” becomes “Sakaría Jeberekíason” where in both cases the “-son” means “son of.”

In cases where “son of” does not refer to a literal father or perhaps stepfather but to lineage, however, this system is not used. So in Matthew 1:1 “Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham” is translated as “Jesú Krists, sonar Davíðs, sonar Abrahams.”

The referenced verses all have at least one instance where the Icelandic patronymic or matronymic naming system is used. (Source: Halldór Elías Guðmundsson)

See also daughter of

Jehoshaphat

The Hebrew and Greek that is transliterated as “Jehoshaphat” in English is translated in Spanish Sign Language with the signs for “king” and “mixup” referring to the fateful alliance with king Ahab of Israel in 1 Kings 22 and 2 Chronicles 18. (Source: Steve Parkhurst)


“Jehoshaphat” in Spanish Sign Language, source: Sociedad Bíblica de España

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

More information about Jehoshaphat .

complete verse (2 Kings 9:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of 2 Kings 9:2:

  • Kupsabiny: “And when you reach there look for Jehu son of Jehoshaphat son of Nimshi. Then take him aside where others cannot see inside the house.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When you get there, look for Jehu, son of Jehoshaphat, grandson of Nimshi. Having gone into his place, separate him from his friends, and take him to an inner room.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When you (sing.) arrived there, [you (sing.)] look for Jehu the child of Jehoshafat and grandchild/(grandson) of Nimshi. [You (sing.)] take- him -away from his companions and bring him into a room just the two of you (plur.).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When you arrive there, search for a man named Jehu, the son of Jehoshaphat and grandson of Nimshi. Go with him into a room away from his companions,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on 2 Kings 9:2

When you arrive, look there …: The adverb there occurs twice here in the Hebrew text, which is literally “when you arrive there, then look there….” The placement of the adverb there in Revised Standard Version seems odd in English. It goes more logically with the verb arrive (New American Bible, New Jerusalem Bible, New International Version). This may well be the case in many other languages.

Jehu the son of Jehoshaphat, son of Nimshi: It is Jehoshaphat who was the son of Nimshi. It may be more natural to maintain the focus on the primary character, Jehu, by translating son of Nimshi as “grandson of Nimshi” (so Good News Translation, Parola Del Signore: La Bibbia in Lingua Corrente, Biblia Dios Habla Hoy, Contemporary English Version). Jehoshaphat, the father of Jehu, should not be confused with King Jehoshaphat of Judah (1 Kgs 15.24; 22.41-50).

Go in and bid him rise from among his fellows: Elisha assumes that Jehu would be found in a place with several other people. The words go in probably mean to go among Jehu and his group of fellow officers rather than to go inside a building. The context (especially verse 6) indicates that this group of military leaders was probably meeting in an open courtyard rather than inside an enclosed building. The young prophet was to ensure privacy by requesting that Jehu get up and follow him inside the building there to a room where others would not be present. His fellows is literally “his brothers,” but the sense is “his fellow-officers” (Revised English Bible), as verse 5 makes clear.

An inner chamber is literally “a chamber in a chamber.” See the comments on 1 Kgs 20.30, where the same expression occurs. The Hebrew term for chamber usually refers to something like a bedroom, which would be considered one of the most private locations possible. The word is used in the story of Samson (Jdg 15.1; 16.9, 12) and the account of the murder of Ishbosheth (2 Sam 4.7). Compare also 1 Kgs 1.15; 22.25; 2 Kgs 6.12. Since privacy is the most important consideration here, the rendering of Contemporary English Version may be a good model for certain languages: “a place where the two of you can be alone.”

Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on 1-2 Kings, Volume 2. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2008. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator’s Notes on 2 Kings 9:2

9:2a When you arrive,

When you (sing.) arrive,

-or-

When you reach the city,

9:2b look for Jehu son of Jehoshaphat, the son of Nimshi.

find Jehu, the son of Jehoshaphat, who was the son of Nimshi.

-or-

I want you to ask/look for Jehu, the son of Jehoshaphat and grandson of Nimshi.

9:2c Go in, get him away from his companions,

Go and tell/ask him to leave his brother/fellow officers

-or-

When you find him, you must ask him to go with you alone

9:2d and take him to an inner room.

and go with you into a private room.

-or-

into a separate room.

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