pride

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The Hebrew, Greek, Aramaic, and Latin that is translated as “pride” in English is translated as

  • “continually boasting” (Amganad Ifugao)
  • “lifting oneself up” (Tzeltal)
  • “answering haughtily” (Yucateco) (source for this and above: Bratcher / Nida)
  • “unbent neck” (like llamas) (Kaqchikel) (source: Nida 1952, p. 151)
  • “praising oneself, saying: I am better” (Shipibo-Conibo) (source: Nida 1964, p. 237).
  • “bigness of head” (existing idiom: girman kai) in the Hausa Common Language Bible it is idiomatically translated as or (Source: Andy Warren-Rothlin)
  • “trying to make yourself the leader” in Mairasi (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • “make oneself important” (sick upspeeln) in Low German (source: translation by Johannes Jessen, publ. 1933, republ. 2006)
  • “a haughty liver” in Yakan (source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • “lift head” in Upper Guinea Crioulo (source: Nicoleti 2012, p. 78)

See also proud / arrogant and haughty / proud / heart exalted / exalt oneself above.

Translation commentary on 2 Esdras 8:50

For many miseries will affect those who inhabit the world in the last times: The conjunction For may be omitted (so Good News Bible, Contemporary English Version). Here the last times refers to the end of the present age, not the future age (compare 2 Esd 6.34). This clause may be rendered “The people of this world who have lived their lives during these end times will suffer much pain [or, will suffer many things].”

Because they have walked in great pride may be translated “because they have shown great arrogance” or simply “because of their great pride.”

In this verse there is a special word of condemnation for those who have not shown proper humility. Good News Bible reverses the order of its clauses, and so does Contemporary English Version, which says:

• These arrogant people who have boasted about themselves will suffer much pain at the end of time.

Quoted with permission from Bullard, Roger A. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on 1-2 Esdras. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2019. For this and other handbooks for translators see here.