The Greek and Hebrew that is translated as “son of” in English is translated in all Icelandic Bible versions of the Icelandic Bible Society (latest edition 2007) in parallel with the Icelandic naming system . This means that for instance in Matthew 16:17 the name that is transliterated and translated in English as “Simon son of Jonah” becomes “Simon Jónasson” or in Isaiah 8:2 “Zechariah son of Jeberechiah” becomes “Sakaría Jeberekíason” where in both cases the “-son” means “son of.”
In cases where “son of” does not refer to a literal father or perhaps stepfather but to lineage, however, this system is not used. So in Matthew 1:1 “Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham” is translated as “Jesú Krists, sonar Davíðs, sonar Abrahams.”
The referenced verses all have at least one instance where the Icelandic patronymic or matronymic naming system is used. (Source: Halldór Elías Guðmundsson)
The name that is transliterated as “Midian” in English is translated in Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) with a sign that depicts Moses fleeing to Midian (see Exodus 2:15, combined with a sign for the region. (Source: Missão Kophós )
Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of 1 Chronicles 1:46:
Kupsabiny: “And when Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad. He was the one who defeated the people of Midian in the land of Moab. His city was called Avith.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
Newari: “After Husham died, Hadad son of Bedad became king. He defeated the Midianites in the land of Moab. His city was Avith.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
Hiligaynon: “When- Husham -died, Hadad son of Bedad of/from-Avit succeeded him. Hadad was the one-(who)-defeated the Midians there at Moab.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
English: “When Husham died, Hadad, the son of Bedad, became the king. He ruled in Avith city. Hadad’s army defeated the army of the Midian people-group in the Moab region.” (Source: Translation for Translators)
Midian (verse 46) may be rendered “the Midianites” (Good News Translation, NJPSV, Moffatt, Bible en français courant) or “the Midianite army” (New Living Translation). Midian is first mentioned in verses 32-33.
Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on 1-2 Chronicles, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2014. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .
After the death of Husham, Hadad, who was the son of Bedad -or-
Following the death of Husham, Bedad’s son Hadad ⌊ruled⌋ .
1:46b who defeated Midian in the country of Moab, reigned in his place.
and also defeated the Midianites in the land of Moab, became king. -or-
Earlier, he fought and conquered the Midianite army in the land of Moab. He ruled as king ⌊after Husham⌋ .
1:46a–b (combined and reordered)
After the death of Husham, Hadad son of Bedad succeeded him as king. Hadad had ⌊previously⌋ defeated the Midanite army in the country of Moab. -or-
Hadad whose father was Bedad, became king ⌊in Edom⌋ after Husam died. Hadad had ⌊previously⌋ beaten the Midanite army in the country of Moab.
1:46c And the name of his city was Avith.
The name of the city ⌊in which Hadad ruled Edom as king⌋ was called Avith. -or-
⌊Hadad ruled the people of Edom from⌋ his ⌊capital⌋ city named Avith.
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