The Greek that is translated in English as “by grace you have been saved” or similar is translated in Yatzachi Zapotec as “because God loves us he has saved us.” The change from the second person plural pronoun to the first person plural pronoun had to be made to include the writer in this verse, who in Yatzachi Zapotec would have otherwise been excluded. (Source: Inez Butler in Notes on Translation 16, 1965, p. 4-5)
This passive construct is translated in Mokole as “it is by his grace that you have found salvation.” Mokole grammar doesn’t know a passive voice and the translation has to therefore render anything that is passive in the Hebrew or Greek text with a grammatical subject. (Source: Hilary Deneufchâtel in Le Sycomore 17/1, 2024, p. 21ff. )
The Greek in John 14:1 that is translated as “do not let your hearts be troubled” is translated in the 2008 MobaYendu Kadapaaonn translation as “do not let your bile be confused.” (Source: Bedouma Joseph Kobaike in Le Sycomore 17/1, 2024, p. 3ff. )
The passive construct in Ephesians 3:5 that is translated in English with “in former generations this mystery was not made known to humankind” or similar is translated in Mokole as “the people of the past were not told the secret of this word.” Mokole grammar doesn’t know a passive voice and the translation has to therefore render anything that is passive in the Hebrew or Greek text with a grammatical subject. (Source: Hilary Deneufchâtel in Le Sycomore 17/1, 2024, p. 21ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “throat” in English is translated in Sar as “belly of my neck.” (Source: Ngarbolnan Riminan in Le Sycomore 2000, p. 20ff. )
In the Contemporary Chichewa translation (2002/2016) it is translated with the word for “neck,” which in some cases can also refer to “throat.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
The passive construct in Ephesians 4:23 that is translated in English with “be renewed in the spirit of your minds” is translated in Mokole as “be completely new in liver and your mind.” Mokole grammar doesn’t know a passive voice and the translation has to therefore render anything that is passive in the Hebrew or Greek text with a grammatical subject. (Source: Hilary Deneufchâtel in Le Sycomore 17/1, 2024, p. 21ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “they die” in English is emphasized in Sar with the ideophone (a word that expresses what is perceived by the five senses) mak (or elsewhere mámák) (“they die mak“). Mak “means leaving nothing, without restriction, completely (positive or negative). Examples: a fire that is completely extinguished, a paralyzed arm/leg, having eaten without leaving anything, to be really dead. In the figurative sense: to die of fear, to believe with all one’s strength, to be really the child of a person.” (Source: Ngarbolnan Riminan in Le Sycomore 2000, p. 20ff. ).
The Hebrew that is translated as “(my heart) throbs” in English is reinforced in its sound in Sar with the ideophone (a word that expresses what is perceived by the five senses) diw diw (“My heart throbs diw diw“). Diw diw “emphasizes the extreme weakness, the troubled spirit of the psalmist in the face of his triumphant friends.” (Source: Ngarbolnan Riminan in Le Sycomore 2000, p. 20ff. )
The Hebrew that is translated as “lights up my darkness” or similar in English is emphasized in Sar with the ideophone (a word that expresses what is perceived by the five senses) kow (“illuminates my darkness kow“). Kow “expresses what remains fixed and or open. Examples: a fish that keeps its mouth open, a door that has remained open, a light that does not move.” (Source: Ngarbolnan Riminan in Le Sycomore 2000, p. 20ff. ).
