Language-specific Insights

complete verse (John 12:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 12:16:

  • Uma: “At that time, his disciples did not yet understand the meaning of what happened. But after Yesus was killed and made big, they remembered what had happened to Yesus, like what was foretold in the Holy Book.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “At that time the disciples did not understand all this. But when Isa had gone home to heaven, they newly remembered that what they had done to Isa was, surprise, really written in the holy-book.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And as for this entering of Jesus into Jerusalem, his disciples did not yet understand that this was a fulfillment of a prophecy long ago. However when Jesus had returned to heaven, they remembered what he had done, and then they understood that this had been done according to the prophecy long ago in the written word of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus’ disciples, they didn’t yet understand the significance/meaning of this that happened. Jesus had to return to heaven, then they remembered/realized that this was the fulfillment of what God had caused-to-be-written concerning him and they moreover were the ones who accomplished (lit. did) its fulfillment.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The disciples of Jesus didn’t understand at once that this was the fulfilling of that which was written. But when Jesus came alive again, that’s when they were able to understand what was contained in the writings, which was that it was after all none other than he being referred to, and all of it had happened to him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “At first his learners did not see the significance of what Jesus did. But afterwards when Jesus had gone to heaven, they remembered that all these things were already written about.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

See also complete section (John 12:12-19).

complete verse (Matthew 21:44)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 21:44:

  • Uma: “[[Like a pot that falls on stones breaks, and a pot that is caught-under a [falling] rock is smashed, like that also will be [what happens to] the people who reject me.]]'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “(Isa said also, ‘All who fall on this stone their bodies will be smashed to pieces. And whoever this stone falls onto, will be crushed.’)” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And that stone, which is to say, the chosen king, if a person falls on it, the one who falls on it will be thoroughly broken. But if there is a person on whom this stone falls, his body will be thoroughly powdered.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whoever also falls on this stone, he will be broken-into-small-pieces, and whoever it strikes will be broken-in-bits (different word) like dust.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Try-to-understand this. Each one who falls/drops onto this support rock certainly will break up. But the one this rock falls on will really be pulverized.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The person who falls on this stone will be broken. The person on whom the stone falls will be crushed.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Ephesians 6:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Ephesians 6:13:

  • Uma: “Because of that, use/take-up all the fighting gear from God, in order that when the day of war arrives, we will be able to oppose the attacks/blows of the enemy, in order that until the end of the war, our standing will always be strong.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore use now all the equipment God has given us (incl.) to protect ourselves and to stand-up-against/fight (atu) our (incl.) enemies the demons so that when the day of your temptation comes, you can-make-yourselves-hard for them/resist them. And when you have finished doing all that you have to do, you will not be defeated by them.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Therefore brothers, use the weapons which God gives, for when that time comes when fighting evil beings is very difficult, you will be able to resist your enemies; and when the fight is over, your strength will not have been removed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “That is the reason you must use all the protection that God has given so that you will be prepared if something bad happens. Because if you do that, you will become-sturdy/firm to battle Satanas until the fight/battle stops, and he will absolutely-not be-able-to-defeat you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore you really need to put on all of this armor that God has graciously-given us, so that whenever you are waged-war-against by these enemies of yours, you will be able to fight them completely, and will be standing firm/well when (they) leave you.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Therefore make firms your minds now so that you overcome the evil with this word God gives you. When the time comes that you encounter an evil word, don’t let it overcome you. If you accomplish this word here, then your minds will be very firm.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 12:48)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 12:48:

  • Uma: “People who refuse/deny me and do not receive my words, there will be that which condemns them. My words which I speak, that is what will condemn them on Kiama Day.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “In the last day, there is (something/someone) that judges those who do not accept me and the ones who do not follow/obey my teachings. That is what will judge them/what they will be judged by, the things I have taught to them.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The person who does not receive me and does not fulfill my teaching, he will be judged worthy of punishment later on the last day. And the reason that he will be punished are my teachings which he has not received.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But there is however one who will judge the person who rejects me who doesn’t receive what I say. Because these-very -things that I have been saying will condemn him at the last day.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “There is one who will judge all who reject me and don’t believe/obey the things I have said. These words of mine which I have spoken, those are what will judge him there at the end of the world.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He who does not respect me and does not respect what I say will be sentenced. The word which I speak will cause the person to be sentenced at the last day because he didn’t believe.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 22:30)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 22:30:

  • Uma: “For when the dead people live again, their life will be like the life of angels in heaven, they will no longer marry [lit., have-wives and have-husbands].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For when the dead live again,’ said Isa, ‘they will be like the angels in heaven. They will not take a wife or a husband.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For when the dead will be raised, they are like the messengers of God in heaven, and men and women don’t get married.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because when the dead live again, they will not get-married but they will be like the angels in heaven.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because at the coming alive again, as for people, they will no longer be being married. They will then be like the angels there in heaven.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “When the dead are resurrected, they will become like the angels of God in heaven, they will not marry.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Philippians 1:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Philippians 1:21:

  • Uma: “Because if I live, it is Kristus who is living in my life. And even though I should die, it is my blessing / good-fortune!” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because as for me, the reason that I want to live here in the world is so that I can continue to praise Almasi. But if I die, na that is already better for me.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And because of this, I want that my living here on the earth might be for a long time yet so that I might continue honoring Christ; however, if I die, that’s much better for me.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because as for me, I have no other intention in my lifetime but that Cristo be praised, but if I die, that would be still better, because I will go to where he is.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because as far as I’m concerned, as long as I’m still alive all my life and hope are concentrated in Cristo. And well, if I die, the outcome will be good for I will then be there with him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “For me, I want that I only live to do the will of Christ. If it be that I die, then even more of the good I will encounter.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 13:30)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 13:30:

  • Uma: “When Yudas took that bread, he went out going outside. At that time, it was dark.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then when Judas had taken the bread, he immediately went out. And it was night already.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Judas had eaten that bread, he went out and it was night at that time.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Judas had then finished eating the bread, he immediately-went-out. And it was already night.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When Judas had eaten that bread which he’d been given, he went. It was night already at that time.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “After Judas ate the bread which had been given him, he went. It was now night time.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 23:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 23:16:

  • Uma: “‘Disaster on you! You are like blind people who want to lead-by-the-hand others. You teach like this: If there is a person who makes a promise and he swears mentioning/naming the House of God, you say he is not bound by his oath/swearing. But if he mentions the gold that is in the House of God, he is bound by his oath.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘You are to be pitied. You are like blind people leading their blind fellow-men. You teach, you say, ‘If a person swears and makes the big prayer-house/temple his witness, it is possible even if he does not fulfill it. (the promise/what he swore about) But if that is what he makes his witness the gold in the big prayer-house, it is not possible if he does not fulfill it/he has to fulfill it.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Pity you, because you are like a blind person who leads another blind person. You teach that if there is a person who makes a promise, and he calls upon the big worshipping place of God, it’s all right it he does not fulfill that promise. And you teach also that if the thing he falls upon is the gold in the worshipping place of God, it’s not all right if he does not fulfill that promise of his.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Pitiful are you! You are like blind-ones that are leading-the-way on a path. Because you are teaching that if someone takes the Temple as his witness, it isn’t sin if he doesn’t fulfill what he swore, but if it’s the gold in the Temple that he takes as his witness, it is necessary that he fulfill it.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Really serious is what is being reserved for you, you blind leaders-by-hand. You teach that even if a person making a promise mentions the Templo as the pledge/strength of his promise, it isn’t bad if he doesn’t fulfill it. But if what is mentioned by the one making a promise is the gold at the Templo, it’s necessary that he fulfill what he promised.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “All you who teach the word and you do not know the meaning of what you teach, how great is the suffering you will have. For you teach the people who call upon the church as a witness when they promise to do some word, then the person isn’t required to do according to what he promised. But the person who calls on the gold inside the church as witness, then you tell him that he must do according to what he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)