Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 2:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:23:

  • Kankanaey: “Then he took the rib that he had removed and he turned-it-into a woman. When the man got-up/woke-up, right-there was the woman that God had taken to him. They two were naked, but they were not ashamed. The man said, ‘Now this is the one that suits me, because my bone, that is her bone just the same, and my flesh (muscle), that is her flesh also. I name her woman, because she came-from man.’ That is the reason that a man leaves his father and mother so-that he will take-into-his-home his wife, and they will become one.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then the man said — ‘This is indeed bone from my bone and flesh from [my] flesh. This will be called ‘woman’. For she has been made by being taken from the body of a man.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then the man said, ‘Here is now the (one-who-is)-like me! Bone that was-taken from my bone, and flesh that was-taken from my flesh. She will-be-called woman/(babayi), because she was-taken from the man.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The man exclaimed, ‘Wow! This is truly someone like me/what I was looking for! She is truly from my bones and from my flesh. So I will call her woman, because she was taken from me, a man.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 4:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 4:6:

  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon God talked-to him and said, ‘Why are you (sing.) looking-sullen in your anger?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then the LORD said to him — ‘Why are you angry? Why is your face [so] dark?'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So the LORD asked him, ‘What are- you -angry-about? Why are you frowning/sulking?” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh said to Cain, ‘You should not be angry!/Why are you angry? You should not scowl like that!/Why do you scowl like that?” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 5:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 5:13:

  • Kankanaey: “When that was finished, Kenan lived still for 840 years and he also had other children.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “After that he lived another 840 years. Other sons and daughters were also born to him.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “After Mahalalel was-born, Kenan lived 840 more years and his children increased-in-number even more.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “After Mahalalel was born, Kenan lived 840 more years and became the father of other sons and daughters.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 6:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 6:13:

  • Kankanaey: “he said to Noe, ‘I have decided to end (lit. boundary) the life of all people, because the earth is entirely/already full with the bad they have-been-doing. Later (in the future) I will utterly/surely punish them including the world.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “So God said to Noah — ‘I have decided to annihilate all the people living on earth. I will annihilate them, cleaning them along with the earth. For they have filled the earth with their violence.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So he said to Noe, ‘I will-destroy all the people. For because of them, wickedness has-spread on earth. I will-destroy them along-with the earth.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So God said to Noah, ‘I have decided to destroy everyone, because all over the earth people are acting violently toward each other. So I am about to get rid of them as well as everything else on the earth.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 7:23)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 7:23:

  • Kankanaey: “because God punished them. The only-ones who were excluded, plural Noe and those that were-added-to/joined them in the ark.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD annihilated all the people, the domesticated animals, the animals that creep on the ground and the birds on the earth.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “All the people and all the animals on the earth were-destroyed. Only Noe and his companions inside the ship did- not -die.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “God destroyed every living creature: People and animals and creatures that scurry across the ground and birds. Only Noah and those who were in the boat with him remained alive.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 9:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 9:9:

  • Kankanaey: “‘There-is that which I-will-promise you and those whom you will have-as-descendants.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “‘Now, with you and your descendants after you,” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘This is my covenant to you (pl.) and to your (pl.) descendants, and to all-that live on earth including all the animals who were with you in the ark: I surely will- not -destroy again all that live by-means-of a very severe flood. And never again will- a flood like this -happen to destroy the earth.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “‘Listen carefully. I am now making a solemn promise to you and with your descendants,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 11:29)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 11:29:

  • Kankanaey: “Abram and Nahor also married-with (spouses). The spouse of Nahor, it was Milca who was the older-sibling of Isca the child of Haran, and the spouse of Abram, it was Sarai.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abram married Sarai. Nahor married Milcah, the daughter of Haran. Haran was also the father of Iscah.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abram married Sarai, and Nahor married Milca. The father of Milca and of her sister Isca was/is Haran.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abram and Nahor both married. Abram’s wife was named Sarai, and Nahor’s wife was named Milcah. Milcah and her younger sister Iscah were the daughters of Haran.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 13:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 13:10:

  • Kankanaey: “When Lot then looked-across-a-distance at the neighboring land, he saw that the mutually-opposite-sides of the river Jordan were very-nice as-far-as Zoar, because it was rich with water like the good land at Eden or at Egipto. Because God had not yet punished the towns Sodoma and Gomorra that were there.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Lot looked all around. He saw the fertile banks of the Jordan up to the city of Zoar [which] stayed green like the garden of the LORD and the land of Egypt. This was before the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Lot looked around at the surroundings and he saw that the Valley of Jordan until Zoar was abundant with/of water, like the garden of the LORD and the land of Egipto. (This was when the LORD had- not -yet-destroyed Sodom and Gomora.)” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Lot looked around toward Zoar town, and saw that there was plenty of water all over the plain near the Jordan River. It was like the park/garden in Eden, and like the land in Egypt.” (Source: Translation for Translators)