Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 Peter 4:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Peter 4:15:

  • Uma: “But really don’t let there be even one of you who gets suffering because he is a murderer, or a thief, or something else evil or a bad/naughty person.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If you endure difficulties/troubles never mind as-long-as the reason for it is not just/simply bad deeds like killing people or stealing or doing other bad things or interfering with your companions work.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It is necessary that you not suffer punishment because of murder, stealing, or doing any kind of evil, or of meddling with that over which you have no right.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But may it be that if/when you are hardshipped, it will not be because of your having-done wrong such as a murderer (lit. killer of life), thief, breaker of the law or meddler in what his companions are doing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I hope there won’t be any of you who will have to be sentenced to judgment because he is a murderer of his fellowman, or because he is a thief, or interferes in things he ought not to interfere in, or does whatever deeds that are evil.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “It is necessary that he who sins will suffer, like those who are murderers, thieves, evil people, those who meddle in the affairs of their fellowmen. But you are not to do so.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Huba: “Even if you drink suffering, let it not be about killing person, thievery, criminality, or people that are shooting their mouth in the living of other people.” (The expression “shooting their mouth” means being a busybody, meddling in other people’s affairs.) (Source: David Frank in this blog post )

Amen

If the Hebrew and Ge’ez or (the transliterated) Greek “Amen” (as part of a prayer) is not transliterated, it can also be translated into expressions such as “That is just the way it is” (Huichol), “That’s it” (Shilluk), “May it be thus” (Tzeltal) (source: Bratcher / Nida), “Let those things thus be” (Kituba) (source: Donald Deer in The Bible Translator 1973, p. 207ff. ), “It’s true” (Bariai) (source: Bariai Back Translation), or “so be it” (T’áá ákót’ée doo) ( Navajo (Dinė)).

In Nias, it is translated as Yaduhu (likewise: Jadoehoe) or “Yes, that’s true.” This goes back to culturally customary interruptions of sermons to verify the content of the message. Also, “a key characteristic of the Nias language is its consistent tendency to end words with a vowel sound. This presented a significant challenge for ‘amen,’ as its pronunciation would unavoidably become ‘ami.’ Crucially, ‘ami’ already carries the distinct meaning of ‘delicious’ in the Nias language, which would have led to an unintended and incongruous meaning in a liturgical context. (Source: Rebecca Evelyn Laiya / Merri Anna Kristina Laia in Konferensi Linguistik Tahunan Atma Jaya 23 [2025] ).

In Mairasi the translation is aniaut aug or “it’s a tuberful dig.” The preface to Enggavoter 2004 explains: “Truth is like a tuber [sweet potatoes, taro, cassava, yams]. We Mairasi have tubers as our standard food. The leaves are visible above ground. But we planted the plant so that it would produce tubers, but those are beneath the ground. So the vocabulary about ‘truth’ and ‘produce’ or ‘fruit’ is based on words for ‘tubers.’ For example: the word for ‘Amen’ ‘it’s a tuberful dig’ [also used for ‘verily’ or ‘definitely’] has its story like this: We see the leaves of the sweet potato but we do not know: the question is ‘Are there tubers or not?.’ So we dig then we see tubers. Therefore we say that ani ‘dig’ was aut ‘with tubers,’ which is ‘Aniaut!‘ ‘Definitely true!'”

In Huba it is translated as Aɗǝmja or “let it be so.” David Frank (in this blog post ) explains: “Whenever there were persistent problems such as a drought, or a rash of sickness or death, the king (or his religious advisor) would set aside a day and call on everyone to prepare food, such as the traditional mash made from sorghum, or perhaps even goat. The food had to be put together outside. The king or his religious advisor would give an address stating what the problem was and what they were doing about it. Then an elder representing the people would take a handful of that food and throw it, probably repeating that action several times, until it was considered to be enough to atone for all the misfortune they had been having. With this action he was ‘shooting (or casting off) misfortune’ to restore well-being to his people. As he threw the food, he would say that this is to remove the misfortune that had fallen on his people, and everybody would respond by saying aɗǝmja, ‘let it be so.’ People could eat some of this food, but they could not bring the food into their houses, because that would mean that they were bringing misfortune into their house. There is still a minority of people in this linguistic and cultural group that practices the traditional religion, but the shooting of misfortune is no longer practiced, and the term ‘shoot misfortune’ is used now in Bible translation to refer to offering a sacrifice. Aɗǝmja is how they translate ‘amen.'”

In American Sign Language, “Amen” is translated with a sign that means “it is established.”


“Amen” in American Sign Language (source )

See also truly, truly I tell you