Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Exodus 13:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 13:11:

  • Kupsabiny: “When it has happened that God makes you to reach that land of the Canaanites and gives (it to) you as he promised to your forefathers vowing to them,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “After the Lord will have brought you into the land of the Canaanites and given it to you as he swore to you and to your forefathers” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘When/If the LORD now indeed brings you (plur.) into the land of Canaanhon that he swore to-give to your (plur.) ancestors and to you (plur.),” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Moses spoke again like this, ‘The Chief will bring you so that you go to the land of the Kenan people. He will give that land to become yours, just as he promised about to you and to your ancestors before.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “When Yahweh will take you country of Canaanites, which he will give you it as he swore in former times for ancestors your,” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh will bring you into the land where the descendants of Canaan live, just as he promised you and your ancestors that he would do. When he gives that land to you,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 14:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 14:21:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then Moses raised his hand and stretched it pointing to the water. And during the whole of that night, God pushed that water with a strong east wind dividing the water until dry ground was seen in the bottom of (the) sea.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Now Moses stretched his hand over the sea and all that night the Lord drove the sea back with a strong east wind and turned it into dry land.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then Moises stretched-out his hand over the sea, and the sea split-up by-means-of a strong wind that the LORD sent from the east. The wind blew the entire night until the land in-the-middle-of the sea became-dry/dried-up.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “It came about that Moses lifted up his hands and then pointed toward the ocean, and then the Chief caused a great wind to come forth from the sun’s rising and so it turned back the ocean until morning. And the ocean split and became two [parts], and so the ground below, inside the ocean there, right then it became dry and emerged in the open.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And Moses stretched out hand on top of water. And The Lord made wind blowing from the East on that night all, pushing water [that] it might divide [mouth], it might became dry.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “That evening, Moses/I stretched out his/my hand toward the sea. Then Yahweh sent a strong wind from the east. It blew all night and pushed the water apart, and it caused the ground between the water to dry up.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 15:22)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 15:22:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then/Later, Moses moved the people of Israel from the Red Sea and went up to the wilderness of Shur. They went/traveled through the wilderness for three days without getting/finding water.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then Moses led the Israelites from the Red Sea and they went into the desert of Shur. Though they walked through the desert for three days, they could not find water.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “From the Red Sea, Moises brought the Israelinhon to the desert of Shur. For a-period-of three days they traveled in the desolate-place and they did- not -see water.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “It came about that Moses brought the Israel people so that they left the Red ocean and then they walked and went to the desolate area named Sur. They walked here and there in the desolate area for a duration of three days, but they didn’t see any water.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Afterwards, Moses said [to] people of Israel they must arise up from edge of Water Red. Therefore they went the wilderness of Shur.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Moses/I led the Israeli people away from the Red Sea (OR, Gulf of Suez). They/we went to the desert at Shur. They/We walked for three days, but they/we could not find any water.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 16:27)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 16:27:

  • Kupsabiny: “Some people tried to collect/gather food on that seventh day, but they got/found nothing.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “some of them went out on the seventh day to search for the food, but they found nothing.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “But there-were still those who went-out on the seventh day in order to gather that-particular food, but they did- not -see any.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “But no. On the seventh day, some people went forth to go gather that food, but they didn’t find any.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “But, on day seventh, others went out for bread [body] gather. But There was nothing which they found.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “On the seventh day, some of the people went outside their tents to gather some of that food, but there was none.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 18:7)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 18:7:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then Moses went out to welcome his father-in-law. Moses bowed and welcomed/embraced his father-in-law and greeted him and thereafter, (they) entered the tent of Moses.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Moses came out to see his father-in-law and bowed down and hugged him. They greeted each other and then went into the tent.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So Moises went-out-to-meet his father-in-law, and in respect he bowed-down and after kissed him. They greeted-each-other and then they entered the tent.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Moses heard like that and so he arose and went to meet his father-in-law Ietro on the road. And so Moses knelt down close to him. And when it was done, then he kissed his cheek. They asked each other about their living, and when it was done then they entered into Moses’ shelter.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, Moses went to receive them. He knelt down in front of his father-in-law, kissed him cheek. When they greeted finished, they went entered inside of tent.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “So Moses/I went out of the campsite to meet his/my father-in-law. He/I bowed before him, and kissed him on the cheek. They both/We asked each other, ‘Have you been healthy?’ Then they/we went into Moses’/my tent.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 19:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 19:12:

  • Kupsabiny: “Make/set a boundary round that mountain so that so that people may not cross over it. Tell those people that they must not cross over that thing and go up the mountain and/or come near that boundary. If any person touches (it), that one should be killed.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Set boundary from the four sides of the mountain so that the people may not pass and tell them, ‘Be careful that you do not go up the mountain or touch it, whoever touches the mountain shall surely be killed.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Put a mark around the mountain where the people are only allowed-to-stand. Tell them not to-climb or come-near to the foot of the mountain. Whoever comes-near the mountain will- surely -be-put-to-death,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “But you will put a [boundary] marker to surround the mountain and then warn the people like this, ‘Watch out well. Lest you (pl.) overstep this boundary and so ascend and go to the mountain. And don’t come close to the base of the mountain either. For if anyone oversteps this boundary, you (pl.) must strike him dead.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “you go delimit bottom of mountain for people, you say to them ‹Warn yourselves, [that] you not mountaintop climb, you not it [body] approach, because one who will touch it, God decided it that they must kill him.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “You must make a boundary around the base of the mountain, and tell them, ‘Be sure that you do not climb the mountain or even go near it. Anyone who even touches the base of the mountain must be executed.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 20:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 20:19:

  • Kupsabiny: “Those people told Moses that, ‘From today we shall listen to you when you talk to us, but God should not talk to us, because we might perish.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “They said to Moses, ‘You tell us and we will listen, but do not let God speak to us or we will die.’” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “and said to Moises, ‘You (sing.) yourself just speak to us (excl.), for we (excl.) will-listen, not just God for we (excl.) might-die.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “and then they said to Moses, ‘[It’s] good for you (sing.) alone to talk to us (excl.) and so we listen. But [it’s] no good [if] God talks to us and then we die.’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “They said to Moses «you youself, you speak for us (excl.). And God, let him not for us (excl.) speak, for we (excl.) will die.»” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “and said to Moses/me, ‘If you speak to us, we will listen. But do not let God speak any more to us. We are afraid that if he speaks any more to us, we will die.’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Exodus 21:25)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 21:25:

  • Kupsabiny: “burn for burn, wound for wound, scratch for a scratch.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “burn for burn, wound for wound, bruise for bruise.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “If it-gets-burned, he will- also -be-burned. If it-gets-wounded, he will- also -be-wounded. And if it-gets-bruised, he will- also be -bruised.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And if he cooks that woman’s skin with fire, or if he ruins that woman’s body so that she has an injury, or if he strikes her so the her body has a bruise, you (pl.) must do a similar action to that man also.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “burn with burn, wound (n) with wound (n), injury with injury.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “If her eye is injured or destroyed, or if he knocks out one of her teeth, or her hand or foot is injured, or if she is burned or bruised, the one who injured her must be injured in the same way.” (Source: Translation for Translators)