complete verse (Joshua 19:35)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joshua 19:35:

  • Kupsabiny: “Cities surrounded by a wall were these: Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The cities having walls were
    Ziddim, Zim, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinereth,” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The other stone-walled towns/cities which (are) under-the-jurisdiction of this land are: Zidim, Zer, Hammat, Rakat, Kineret,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Within their land were several cities with strong walls around them. They were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Joshua 19:35 - 19:39

For the translation of verses 35-39, the two alternatives suggested for verses 18-23 will serve as a pattern.

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Newman, Barclay M. A Handbook on Joshua. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1983. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator’s Notes on Joshua 19:35

19:35

The fortified cities: The term fortified cities indicates towns that have strong walls around them. This term occurred in verse 19:29.

were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Chinnereth: The location of the towns of Ziddim and Zer is not known. The towns of Hammath and Rakkath were on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. The town of Chinnereth was northwest of the Sea of Galilee. It is called Gennesaret in the New Testament.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Within their land were several cities with strong walls around them. They were Ziddim, Zer, Hammath, Rakkath, Kinnereth (Translation for Translators)
-or-
The towns with strong walls that belonged to the clan of Naphtali were Ziddim, and Zer and Hammath and Rakkath and Kinnereth

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