complete verse (Exodus 39:19)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 39:19:

  • Kupsabiny: “(They/he) prepared/made two more golden rings and fixed them on the other two corners of that pocket worn on top of the chest (breastpiece) on the inside part facing/opposite that ceremonial cloth.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Making another two gold rings sewed them close to the sash of the ephod at the end of breastplate.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They also still made two gold seemingly-rings and attached it at-the lower corners of-the like-pocket(s) on-the breast which is on-top of-the special clothing of-the priests.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And they made two more gol ring-handles, and then they sewed them behind the two corners of the small cloth for his chest toward the bottom, close to his trunk’s cloth.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “And they pound gold red two [so that] it be bored hole, sew it on corner of cloth of heart below.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “Then they made two more gold rings and attached them to the lower corners of the sacred pouch, on the inside edges, next to the sacred apron.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Exod 39:19

This verse is almost identical with 28.26. Of course the two verbs, they made and put, are here translated in the past tense. And put them is literally “and they put,” with the word them missing from the Hebrew text. It must be added for clarity.

Quoted with permission from Osborn, Noel D. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Exodus. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1999. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .