Saul

The Hebrew and Greek that is transliterated as “Saul” in English is translated in Spanish Sign Language with the sign that depicts “sword in chest” (referring to 1 Samuel 31:4 and 1 Chronicles 10:4) and also “self-centered.” (Source: Steve Parkhurst)


“Saul” in Spanish Sign Language, source: Sociedad Bíblica de España

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Click or tap here to see a short video clip about King Saul (source: Bible Lands 2012)

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Saul .

David Kills Goliath

Artwork by Sister Marie Claire , SMMI (1937–2018) from Bengaluru, India.

For more information about images by Sister Marie Claire and ways to purchase them as lithographs, see here .

For other images of Sister Marie Claire paintings in TIPs, see here.

complete verse (1 Samuel 17:39)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of 1 Samuel 17:39:

  • Kupsabiny: “David tied himself with Saul’s sword and tried to walk because he was not used to them. Then, David said, ‘I am unable to go to battle if I dress like that, because I am not used to these things.’ Then David took off all those things he had been given” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Then David tied Saul’s sword to his waist. And he tried to walk but was not able to because he was not in the habit of wearing those clothes. So he said to Saul, "I am not able to go wearing these. because I am not in the habit of wearing them," so he took them off.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then David fastened-on the sword of Saul and tried walking because he was-not accustomed-to using these. He said to Saul, ‘I can- not -fight with something-to-wear like this, because I (am) not accustomed-to these.’ So he took-off all those.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “David put these things on. Then he fastened his sword over them, and tried to walk. But he could not walk, because he was not accustomed to wearing those things. So David said to Saul, ‘I cannot fight wearing all these things, because I am not accustomed to wearing them!’ So he took them off.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

David

The name that is transliterated as “David” in English means “beloved.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In Spanish Sign Language it is translated with the sign signifying king and a sling (referring to 1 Samuel 17:49 and 2 Samuel 5:4). (Source: John Elwode in The Bible Translator 2008, p. 78ff. )


“Elizabeth” in Spanish Sign Language, source: Sociedad Bíblica de España

In German Sign Language it is only the sling. (See here ).


“David” in German Sign Language (source )

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

The (Protestant) Mandarin Chinese transliteration of “David” is 大卫 (衛) / Dàwèi which carries an additional meaning of “Great Protector.”

Click or tap here to see a short video clip about David (source: Bible Lands 2012)

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: David .

Translation commentary on 1 Samuel 17:39

Girded his sword: since the pronoun may be misunderstood, it may be better to say “Saul’s sword” as in Good News Translation. And the verb girded is somewhat archaic. New Revised Standard Version has replaced it with “strapped.” Some other renderings are “fastened” (Revised English Bible) and “buckled” (New Jerusalem Bible).

Tried in vain to go: some languages may have to restructure considerably in order to convey the idea of doing something in vain. The words in vain are not actually a part of the Hebrew text but are supplied by Revised Standard Version because they are implied by the context. The idea is that David attempted to move around or to walk, but was unable to do so. He was probably not completely immobile but simply unable to move freely and normally.

For I am not used to them: gives David’s reason for his inability to move about with ease. It is a repetition of what the writer has already said. In other languages this idea will have to be expressed quite differently. Some may use a habitual form of the verb, “I do not [habitually] wear these things.” Others may say something like “It is not my usual custom to wear such things.”

Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on the First and Second Books of Samuel, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2001. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .