son of

The Greek and Hebrew that is translated as “son of” in English is translated in all Icelandic Bible versions of the Icelandic Bible Society (latest edition 2007) in parallel with the Icelandic naming system . This means that for instance in Matthew 16:17 the name that is transliterated and translated in English as “Simon son of Jonah” becomes “Simon Jónasson” or in Isaiah 8:2 “Zechariah son of Jeberechiah” becomes “Sakaría Jeberekíason” where in both cases the “-son” means “son of.”

In cases where “son of” does not refer to a literal father or perhaps stepfather but to lineage, however, this system is not used. So in Matthew 1:1 “Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham” is translated as “Jesú Krists, sonar Davíðs, sonar Abrahams.”

The referenced verses all have at least one instance where the Icelandic patronymic or matronymic naming system is used. (Source: Halldór Elías Guðmundsson)

See also daughter of

complete verse (1 Chronicles 11:42)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of 1 Chronicles 11:42:

  • Kupsabiny: “Adina son of Shiza who was from the clan of Reuben who was a leader in that clan and was in charge of thirty soldiers,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite with 30 men. Adina was a leader of the Reubenites.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Adina the child of Siza who was a leader/[lit. head] in the tribe of Ruben and he had 30 men,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Adina the son of Shiza, a leader from the tribe of Reuben, who had thirty soldiers with him;” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on 1 Chronicles 11:42

Adina the son of Shiza the Reubenite, a leader of the Reubenites, and thirty with him is literally “Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite [was] chief [or, head] of the Reubenites and over him thirty.” It was Adina, not his father Shiza, who was the head of the Reubenites.

Quoted with permission from Omanson, Roger L. and Ellington, John E. A Handbook on 1-2 Chronicles, Volume 1. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2014. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Chronicles 11:42

11:42a Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite,

Shiza’s son Adina, from Reuben’s tribe. (EEB)
-or-
Adina ⌊was one of David’s mighty warriors. His⌋ father was Shiza. Adina belonged to Reuben’s tribe.

11:42b chief of the Reubenites, and the thirty with him,

He was the leader of Reuben’s soldiers. He had 30 brave soldiers with him. (EEB)
-or-
He/Adina was the leader of the men from the tribe of Reuben. With him came thirty brave soldiers.

© 2020 by SIL International®
Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.