the organization of work (image)

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Image taken from the Wiedmann Bible. For more information about the images and ways to adopt them, see here .

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son of

The Greek and Hebrew that is translated as “son of” in English is translated in all Icelandic Bible versions of the Icelandic Bible Society (latest edition 2007) in parallel with the Icelandic naming system . This means that for instance in Matthew 16:17 the name that is transliterated and translated in English as “Simon son of Jonah” becomes “Simon Jónasson” or in Isaiah 8:2 “Zechariah son of Jeberechiah” becomes “Sakaría Jeberekíason” where in both cases the “-son” means “son of.”

In cases where “son of” does not refer to a literal father or perhaps stepfather but to lineage, however, this system is not used. So in Matthew 1:1 “Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of Abraham” is translated as “Jesú Krists, sonar Davíðs, sonar Abrahams.”

The referenced verses all have at least one instance where the Icelandic patronymic or matronymic naming system is used. (Source: Halldór Elías Guðmundsson)

See also daughter of

complete verse (Nehemiah 3:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Nehemiah 3:14:

  • Kupsabiny: “Malkijah son of Recab, who the leader of the ridge of Beth-hakkerem built that gate. He put on it big door frames and made for it shutters/doors then fixed the lock-beams.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The one-who-built the Gate where the Trash is Being-Thrown was the child of Recab who was Malkia, the leader/[lit. head] of the district of Hakerem. He set up its doors, and made bars.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Malchijah the son of Rechab, who ruled Beth-Haccherem District, repaired the Dung Gate. He also put in their places the bolts and bars for locking the gate.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Nehemiah 3:14

Malchijah the son of Rechab was the ruler or the head of the district of Bethhaccherem. Bethhaccherem is literally “house of the vineyard.” Two locations have been claimed for this place. One is three kilometers (two miles) south of Jerusalem and the other is eight kilometers (five miles) west of Jerusalem. The name is sometimes transliterated as one word as in Revised Standard Version, sometimes as two words as in Good News Translation, and sometimes as a three-unit hyphenated word (so New Jerusalem Bible “Beth-ha-Cherem”). Translators should follow the model they have chosen for other such complex names.

Dung Gate: See verse 13 above.

Quoted with permission from Noss, Philip A. and Thomas, Kenneth J. A Handbook on Nehemiah. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2005. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .