Scriptures Plain & Simple (Luke 15:11-32)

Barclay Newman, a translator on the teams for both the Good News Bible and the Contemporary English Version, translated passages of the New Testament into English and published them in 2014, “in a publication brief enough to be non-threatening, yet long enough to be taken seriously, and interesting enough to appeal to believers and un-believers alike.” The following is the translation of Luke 15:11-32:

Finally, Jesus told them this story:

       A man’s younger son once said,
              “Dad, give me my share of the family fortune!”
       So his father divided everything
              between him and his older brother.

       Soon the younger son packed up everything
       and left for a foreign country,
              where he wasted every cent of his inheritance.

       Then a terrible famine struck the land,
              leaving him famished and without food.

       So hungry was the young man that he took a job
              feeding bean pods to nasty pigs,
       and he would have eaten some of the pods himself,
              if only the owner had turned his back.

       At last, in desperation, he said to himself,
       “My dad’s workers have more than enough to eat,
              while I sit here with these pigs, starving to death.
       Best thing I can do is to go home and make up with my dad.
       I’ll say, “Dad, I’ve been a really lousy son,
              worthless and useless to both you and God.
       Fact is, I don’t deserve to be called your son —
              just treat me like one of your servants.”

       Before he even reached the road to the farmhouse,
       his father saw him and felt so sorry that he ran over
              and greeted the young man with hugs and kisses.

       “Dad, I’ve been a really lousy son,” said the boy.
       “I’m worthless and useless to both you and God.
              Fact is, I don’t deserve to be called your son.”

       But his father instructed the servants,
              “Hurry! Bring him the best clothes.
              Put a gold ring on his finger and sandals on his feet.
              And prepare our choice beef, so we can celebrate!
       My son was dead, and now he’s alive!
              My son was lost, and now he’s found.”

       Then the festivities began.
       Meanwhile, the older brother was coming in from the fields,
       when he heard the sound of music and dancing.
              “What’s going on?” he asked one of the servants.

       “Your younger brother has come home,” answered the servant,
       “and your father ordered us
              to prepare the choice beef for a feast.”
       This made the older brother so angry
              that he refused to go anywhere near the house.

       His father went out and begged him to join the celebration,
       but his son answered, “All my life I’ve obeyed you,
              and I’ve worked like a slave.
       Yet you’ve never even given me a small goat,
              so I could throw a party for my friends.
       This other son of yours blew all his money on hookers,
              and now that he’s back home,
       you’ve ordered our choice beef
              to be killed for a feast in his honor.”

       “My dear son,” replied his father, “You’re always here,
              and everything I have is yours as well.
       But don’t you think we should celebrate?
       Your brother was dead, and now he’s alive.
              He was lost, and now he’s found.”

Translation commentary on Luke 15:32

Exegesis:

euphranthēnai de kai charēnai edei ‘but we had to enjoy ourselves and to be glad,’ with hēmas ‘we’ (i.e. ‘we in the house’) understood; the clause refers to the inner compulsion which the coming home of the younger son caused. euphranthēnai refers to external celebration, charēnai to inner feeling.

ho adelphos sou houtos ‘your brother here,’ echoes ho huios sou houtos in v. 30, and implicitly criticizes the note of contempt in those words.

ezēsen ‘he began to live again,’ synonymous with anezēsen in v. 24.

apolōlōs ‘(he was) lost,’ with ēn understood.

Translation:

It was fitting to, or, “but we had to” (The Four Gospels – a New Translation, Good News Translation), ‘how would it have been possible not to,’ the personal pronoun to be taken as exclusive, where that distinction is obligatory.

Be glad, or, ‘rejoice,’ see 1.14.

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.

SIL Translator’s Notes on Luke 15:32

15:32a

But: The Greek conjunction that the Berean Standard Bible translates as But introduces the conclusion and climax of the parable. In this verse the father declared that it was necessary to celebrate the fact that his other son had come home.

This verse is in contrast to the fact that the son was refusing to celebrate. His attitude was like the Pharisees’ complaint that Jesus ate with sinners (15:2). In this verse Jesus gave the concluding statement of his answer to the Pharisees.

Some English versions have “but” here. In some languages this may be confusing because the contrast is not mainly with the preceding verse (15:31). Some English versions do not have a conjunction here. You should translate in a way that is appropriate to introduce the father’s statement and also to conclude the parable.

it was fitting to celebrate and be glad: The Greek clause that the Berean Standard Bible translates as it was fitting to celebrate and be glad is more literally “it was necessary/fitting to celebrate and be glad.” The Greek text does not specify who needed to celebrate. Another way to translate this clause is:

It would have been wrong not to celebrate and be happy

In many languages it will be necessary to supply a pronoun such as “we.” If you need to further specify “we(excl)” or “we(incl),” here are some factors that you may need to consider in deciding which form you need to use in your language:

(a) The father wanted the older son to join in the celebration. The context implies that all of them should celebrate, including the older son.

(b) The older son was not present when the celebration started.

(c) The father’s statement “it was necessary to celebrate…” explains why they were already celebrating. It also implies that the older son should not be refusing to celebrate.

15:32b–c

because this brother of yours: Notice that the phrase this brother of yours is similar to the phrase “this son of yours” which the older son had used with contempt in 15:30a. The father may have used this similar phrase as an implied rebuke to his older son. He may also have used it to remind his son of his family relationship with his brother.

was dead and is alive again; he was lost and is found: These figurative expressions are repeated exactly from 15:24a and 15:24b. See the notes there.

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