bronze

The Hebrew, Latin, Ge’ez, and Greek that is translated as “bronze” in English is translated in Newari as “bell-metal,” since bells are made of bronze in Nepal (source: Newari Back Translation).

See also bronze vessel.

complete verse (Exodus 35:32)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Exodus 35:32:

  • Kupsabiny: “right from engraving things and how gold, silver and bronze are shaped.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “It is done so that he may make artistic design to work of gold, silver and bronze,” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “to make beautiful things of/gold, silver, and bronze;” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And so he will be able to do artwork with gol and silva and bras.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Opo: “Therefore, he be wise for forging, gold red, and gold white, and metal red.” (Source: Opo Back Translation)
  • English: “He can engrave skillful designs in gold, silver, and bronze.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Exod 35:32 - 35:33

These two verses are identical with 31.4-5 in every way, the only exception being the addition of the word skilled at the end of verse 33. For work in every skilled craft is literally “for work in every mission of design.” The word for skilled in verse 33 is another form of the word translated as artistic designs in verse 32.

Quoted with permission from Osborn, Noel D. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Exodus. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1999. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .