Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Jonah 3:1)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Jonah 3:1:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then God again told Jonah that,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Once again the LORD gave Jonah a command.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The LORD spoke again to Jonas.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then God again commanded Jonas and said,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Yahweh said to Jonah again,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Habakkuk 1:12)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Habakkuk 1:12:

  • Kupsabiny: “Oh, God who is holy, have you not been/existed since long ago and you go on forever? You God who is our shield gave/caused those people to punish us.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “O LORD! Did you not exist from the very beginning?
    My God, my Holy one, we will not die.
    Oh LORD, you have chosen Babylonians to bring punishment.
    You, my Rock, you have ordained them to punish.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Habakuk said, ‘O LORD, you (sing.) (are) God since before. You (sing.) (are) my holy God and you (sing.) have-no death. O GOD who (is) a protecting rock/stone, you (sing.) chose the ones from-Babylon/[-Babilonia] to punish us (excl.).” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Habakkuk said, ‘You (sing.) Yahweh are my holy God. You (sing.) have no beginning and no end. You (sing.) God who are a place-of-refuge are the one who appointed them to sentence/condemn and to punish.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “Terrible things will happen to you people of Babylonia who kill people in order to build cities,
    cities that you build by using money that you have gotten by committing crimes.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 1:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 1:8:

  • Kupsabiny: “The God of authority is saying, ‘It is bad when you bring blind animals to use them as sacrifices to me. It is not good to give/present animals that are lame of sick. Would your ruler/king be happy if you brought him such animals?‘” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD Almighty says, "You bring blind animals to be sacrificed, is this not wrong? You bring lame and sick animals and offer them to me. Is this not wrong? Try to give them to your governor! Would he be happy with you? Would he accept you?"” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “That is you (plur.) offer blind, lame, or sickly animals. That (is) not right! You (plur.) try to give your (plur.) governor the same-as that kind of animals. Very surely he will- not -be-happy with you (plur.) and he will- not -show you (plur.) kindness.’ This is what the LORD Almighty said.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Do you think (lit. say) that your offering to me one-eyed, lame and sick animals is right? You go-right-ahead-then-and (argumentative reproof particle) try giving (such offerings) to the governor so-that it-can-be-seen whether he is pleased with you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “You offer for sacrifices animals that are blind. Is that not wrong?/That is disgusting! And you offer for sacrifices animals that are crippled or that have diseases. Is that also not wrong?/That also is disgusting! If you tried to give presents like that to your governor, do you think that he would be pleased?/he would certainly not be pleased! Would he accept such gifts?He would certainly not accept such gifts! That is what the Commander of the armies of angels says!’” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 3:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 3:9:

  • Kupsabiny: “All you people of this land are being cursed because you are stealing from me.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “A great curse is upon you because everyone of your nation is defrauding me.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “That is why I curse your (plur.) whole nation.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You entire nation of Israelita, you are-condemned to-be-punished because you are-stealing-from me.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “All that you do is cursed, because all you people in this country have been cheating me.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 1:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 1:21:

  • Kankanaey: “And that’s when- God -created all the kinds of fish and others that make-their-home in the ocean, including the large and frightening/dangerous, and also all the kinds of birds in the sky. When he saw those-things that he had created, he was content/satisfied.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “And God made water monsters [lit.: huge animals that live in water], as well as all kinds of animals who live both in water and on the earth, as well as all kinds of winged birds. This seemed good to God.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “So God made big animals/creatures in the water, and all kinds of animals/creatures that live in the water, and all kinds of animals/creatures that fly. God was-pleased of what he saw.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “So God created huge sea creatures and every other kind of creature that moves in the water, and caused them to live in all the oceans. He also created many kinds of birds. God was pleased with all those creatures.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 3:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 3:2:

  • Kankanaey: “The woman said answering, ‘God said that we (excl.) may eat from all the fruit of the trees” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The woman said to the snake — ‘It is certainly all right to eat the fruit of any tree in the garden.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The woman answered, ‘We (excl.) can-eat any fruit from a tree here in the garden,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The woman replied, ‘What God said was, ‘Do not eat the fruit from the tree that is in the middle of the park/garden or touch it. If you do that, you will die. But you can eat fruit from any of the other trees.”” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 4:10)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 4:10:

  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon God said, ‘Why did you (sing.) do that? I saw the blood of your (sing.) younger-sibling that flowed-down onto the soil, and it is like it requests to be revenged.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD said — ‘What is this [that] you have done? Your younger brother’s blood has been giving voice to me from within the earth.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then the LORD said to Cain, ‘What have you done? The blood of your brother seems-like a voice that is-pleading that I punish the man who killed him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh said, ‘You have done a terrible thing! So now it is as though your younger brother’s voice is crying to me from the ground, demanding that his death must be avenged.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 5:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 5:17:

  • Kankanaey: “Then he died yearing 895.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “In this way Mahalalel lived 895 years and died.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “He died at the age of 895.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Mahalalel lived 895 years altogether, and then he died.” (Source: Translation for Translators)