Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 19:34)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 19:34:

  • Kankanaey: “When it again got-light (i.e. the next morning), the older-sibling said to her-sibling, ‘I slept-with our (dual) father last night, Today, we (dual) will again make-him-drunk so-that you (sing.) also will be the one to-sleep-with-him so we (dual) two will-be-in-possession-of a child by-means-of him.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The next day the elder sister said to the younger sister — ‘Yesterday evening I slept with father. Let’s give him new wine to drink again today. Then you sleep with him. Then the two of us will have children from father.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The next day, the older-one said to her younger-one, ‘I now have-slept-with last night with our (incl.) father. And later at night-time we (incl.) will-have- him -drink wine again until he will-become-drunk, and you (sing.) now (be)-the-(one-who) will-sleep-with him so-that the two of us can-have-children through him.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The next day, his older daughter said to his younger daughter/her sister, ‘Listen to me. Last night I slept with our father. Let’s cause him to become drunk again tonight! This time you can go and sleep with him. If he has sex with you, you can become pregnant, and that way you can have a child, too.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 22:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 22:8:

  • Kankanaey: “‘God just the same will-be-responsible-for that,’ Abraham said replying. And they two continued to climb.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Abraham said — ‘Child, God will give us a sacrificial lamb for offering the burnt offering.’ In this way they went on together.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Abraham replied, ‘Child, God is-the-one-who-will-give us (incl.) the sheep to-be-offered.’ And they continued to-walk.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham replied, ‘My son, God himself will provide the lamb for the burnt offering.’ So the two of them continued walking along together.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 24:17)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 24:17:

  • Kankanaey: “Abraham’s slave hurried to go meet (her) and said, ‘I will please drink from-there (near hearer).'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He ran quickly and said to her — ‘Please give me a little water to drink.'” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The servant hurried to-meet her and said, ‘Please let- me -drink from your jar even only a little.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Abraham’s servant immediately ran to meet her, and said, ‘Please give me a little water from your jar.'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 25:22)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 25:22:

  • Kankanaey: “When their being-born (lit. coming-out) was not yet, they jostled-each-other in her stomach, so she said in her thoughts, ‘Why on-earth is this happening to me?’ And she prayed to God to ask-clarification.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “It turned out that Rebekah had two children in [her] womb. And they were fighting with each other inside the womb. So she thought [lit.: put] like this in [her] mind — ‘Why is it happening like this?’ Then she asked the LORD.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “She could-feel that the twin babies inside her belly were-jostling-each-other. Rebeka said, ‘Why is this happening to me?’ Therefore she asked the LORD about this. The LORD said to her,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “She was carrying twins in her womb, and they kept jostling each other. So she said, ‘Why is it that this is happening to me?’ So she asked Yahweh about it.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 27:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 27:2:

  • Kankanaey: “Isaac in-return said, ‘Take that bow-and-arrow- of yours (sing.) so-that you (sing.) will go and hunt so-that then you (sing.) will cook the kind of meat-viand that I like-very-much. When I-have-eaten then, I will then bless you (sing.), because I am already old and my death is probably near.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Isaac said — ‘I have become an old man, and I may die any time.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Isaac said, ‘I am now very old and maybe (it) will- not -be-long (and) I will-die.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “and said to him, ‘My son?’ Esau replied, ‘Here I am!'” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 28:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 28:14:

  • Kankanaey: “And those descendants of yours (sing.), they will become-many so-that they will be like the manyness of the dust on this earth and will widen the boundaries of their country in all directions. On-account of you (sing.) and of the descendants-you-(sing.)-produce, all the collective-people in this world will be blessed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth. They will spread out east and west, north and south. From you and your descendants all people of the earth will take blessing.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Your descendants will-be as many as the dust-particles on the ground. They will-spread-out to the different parts of this land. Through you (sing.) and your descendants, I will-bless all the peoples of the world.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Your descendants will be as numerous as the particles of dirt that are on the earth, and their territory will be very large. It will extend in all directions, to the east and to the west, to the north and to the south. And people of all people-groups on earth will receive blessings because of what happens to you and to your descendants.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 32:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 32:3:

  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, there-were slaves whom Jacob had-caused-to-go-ahead to Edom to the location of his-older-sibling Esau.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Jacob sent his own men to his elder brother Esau in a place called Seir of the land of Edom.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “There-were some-(people) that Jacob commanded to-go-ahead of him in-order-to meet his sibling/(brother) Esau there in the land of Seir, the place that also was-called Edom.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Jacob told some of the men to go ahead of him to his older brother Esau, who was living in Seir, the land where the descendants of Edom lived.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 37:6)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 37:6:

  • Kankanaey: “saying, ‘Please listen to this that I have dreamed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “He said to his elder brothers — ‘Hear what I dreamt in my dream.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “For this is what he said, ‘I dreamed” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “He said to them, ‘Listen to the dream I had!” (Source: Translation for Translators)