Introduction to Revelation (Pioneer Bible Translators)

(Pioneer Bible Translators and The Word for the World use the following introduction in many of their translation projects around the world.)

The book of Revelation is the last book in the New Testament. It was also written last around 95 years after the birth of Christ, by the Apostle John (1:1). He also wrote The Gospel according to John and the three letters 1 John, 2 John, and 3 John. John was also known as the one “whom Jesus loved” (John 13:23). He wrote the book of Revelation while on the Island of Patmos because has was exiled there for preaching the good news of Jesus Christ (1:9).

John’s goal in writing the book of Revelation is to encourage the readers to remain faithful to Jesus Christ and to give them hope because the time of Jesus’ returning is near (1:3, 22:7). He wrote to all Christians generally and seven specific churches in chapters 2-3. John labels his own writing as prophecy (1:3) and uses many images throughout the book to describe the things he saw. The book is similar to some sections of the Old Testament, specifically Zechariah 6:18. The seven trumpets and seven bowls are also very similar to the plagues which God sent to punish Egypt (Exodus 7-9). Revelation talks about the end of time, that Jesus will be victorious, and all who put their trust in him will live forever with him. Let this book warn you and give you hope that Jesus is returning soon.

Outline:

1. John starts by saying who he is and how he received this prophetic vision (1:1-1:20).
2. He gives a message directly from Jesus to seven churches (1:1-3:22).
3. Then he describes the seven seals (4:1-8:5) and the seven trumpets (8:6-11:19).
4. After this John describes the male child’s battle against the dragon with seven heads (12:1-14:20).
5. Then he writes about the seven bowls of wrath (15:1-16:18).
6. Next John describes how God wins against his enemies in heaven (17:1-20:15).
7. Finally he describes the new heaven and new earth which will come in the end (21:1-22:21).

This work is owned by Pioneer Bible Translators International and The World for the World International and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License .

Translation: French

Introduction à l’Apocalypse

Le livre de l’Apocalypse est le dernier livre dans le Nouveau Testament. Il a aussi été écrit en dernier par l’apôtre Jean (1 :1) environ 95 ans après la naissance de Christ. Il a aussi écrit l’Evangile selon Jean et les trois lettres 1 Jean, 2 Jean et 3 Jean. Jean était connu aussi comme le disciple « que Jésus aimait » (Jean 13 :23). Il a écrit le livre de l’Apocalypse depuis l’île de Patmos parce qu’il avait été exilé là-bas pour avoir prêché la bonne nouvelle de Jésus-Christ (Apocalypse 1 :9).

Le but de Jean en écrivant le livre de l’Apocalypse est d’encourager les lecteurs à rester fidèles à Jésus-Christ et de leur donner de l’espoir parce que le moment du retour de Jésus est proche (1 :3) ; 22 :7). Il écrivait à tous les chrétiens en général et aux sept églises en particulier dans les chapitres 2—3. Jean qualifie son propre récit de prophétie (1 :3) et il utilise de nombreuses images tout au long du livre pour décrire les choses qu’il avait vues. Le livre est semblable à certaines parties de l’Ancien Testament, spécifiquement à Zacharie 6 :1-8. Les sept trompettes et les sept coupes sont aussi très similaires aux fléaux que Dieu avait envoyés pour punir l’Egypte (Exode 7-9). L’Apocalypse parle de la fin du temps, que Jésus sera victorieux et que tous ceux qui mettent leur confiance en lui vivront avec lui pour l’éternité. Que ce livre vous mette en garde et vous donne l’espérance que Jésus revient bientôt.

Résumé

1. Jean commence par dire qui il est et comment il a reçu la vision prophétique (1 :1-1 :20).

2. Il donne un message reçu directement de Jésus aux sept églises (1 :1-3 :22).

3. Il décrit ensuite les sept sceaux (4 :1-8 :5) et les sept trompettes (8 :6-11 :19).

4. Après ceci Jean parle de la femme poursuit par le dragon, de deux bêtes, et de l'agneau (12 :1-14 :20).
5. Puis il parle des sept coupes de la colère (15 :1-16 :21).
6. Après, Jean décrit comment Dieu gagne contre ses ennemis dans le ciel (17 :1-20 :15).

Translation: Swahili

Utangulizi wa kitabu cha Ufunuo

Kitabu cha Ufunuo ndicho kitabu cha mwisho ndani ya Agano Jipya. Kilikuwa pia kitabu cha mwisho kuandikwa na Mtume Yohana katika mwaka wa 95 baada ya kuzaliwa Yesu Kristo (1:1). Yeye aliandika pia Injili kama ilivyoandikwa na Yohana, na barua tatu, yaani 1 Yohana, 2 Yohana, na 3 Yohana. Yohana pia alijulikana kama mtu “ambaye Yesu alimpenda” (Yohana 13:23). Yeye allikiandika kitabu cha Ufunuo akiwa katika Kisiwa cha Patmo kwa kuwa alikuwa amewekwa kizuizini huko kutokana na lililoonekana kuwa kosa lake la kuhubiri habari njema za Yesu (1:9).

Lengo la Yohana katika kukiandika kitabu cha Ufunuo ni kuwatia moyo wasomaji waendelee kuwa waaminifu kwa Yesu Kristo na kuwapa tumaini kwa sababu kurudi kwa Yesu Kristo kunakaribia (1:3, 22:7). Kwa jumla aliiandika barua hii kwa Wakristo wote, na maalumu kwa makanisa saba yanayotajwa katika sura 2 hadi 3. Yohana anaweka kitambulishi juu ya maandiko yake mwenyewe kwa kuyaita ufunuo (1:3) na anatumia mifano ya vitu vingi vinavyoonekana karibu kila mahali ndani ya kitabu chake ili kuelezea mambo aliyoyaona. Kitabu hiki kinafanana na baadhi ya sehemu katika Agano la Kale, hasa kitabu cha Zakaria 6:1-8. Tarumbeta saba na vitasa saba pia vinafanana na yale mapigo yaliyoletwa na Mungu kwa lengo la kuiadhibu Misri (Kutoka 7-9). Kitabu cha Ufunuo kinaeleza habari za mwisho wa ulimwengu, na kuonyesha kwamba Yesu atakuwa ndiye mshindi, na kwamba wale wote wanaoweka tumaini lao kwake wataishi milele pamoja naye. Ruhusu kitabu hiki kikuonye na kukupa tumaini la uhakika kwani kurudi kwa Yesu kunakaribia.

Muhtasari:
1. Yohana anaanza kwa kujieleza yeye ni nani na jinsi alivyopokea maono haya ya kinabii (1:1-1:20).
2. Anatoa ujumbe unaotoka moja kwa moja kwa Yesu kwenda kwa makanisa saba (1:1-3:22).
3. Kisha anaeleza habari za mihuri saba (4:1-8:5) na tarumbeta saba (8:6-11:19).
4. Baada ya tukio hili Yohana anaeleza habari ya vita kati ya mtoto mdogo wa kiume na joka lenye vichwa saba (12:1-14:20).
5. Kisha anaandika habari za vitasa saba vya ghadhabu ya Mungu (15:1-16:18).
6. Baadaye Yohana anaelezea jinsi Mungu anavyoshinda vita juu ya adui zake mbinguni (17:1-20:15).
7. Hatimaye Yohana anaeleza habari za mbingu mpya na nchi mpya zitakazokuja mwishoni (21:1-22:21).

Introduction to Revelation (Christian Community Bible)

(The Catholic Christian Community Bible [first English edition 1997, other translations into Indonesian, Chinese, Cebuano, Chavacano, French, Ilonggo, Korean, Quechuan, Spanish, and Tagalog] “for the Christian Communities of the Third World” uses the following introduction.)

John, the Evangelist, brother of James the Martyr (Acts 12), was deported to Patmos island for the sake of faith. From there he sent us this “Revelation.” Skies opened, angels and tragedies, corruption of the well-to-do and the blood of martyrs: God’s judgment goes down the centuries. God’s glory has come near and only a curtain divides us. Everything is brought to an end in the heavenly city.

Why does Revelation have the reputation of being a mysterious book, hard to understand and why, for many people, does it have a terrifying meaning? Can it be because there, many seek secret figures and messages which might be adapted to current events as if John had announced them in detail?

If we want to avoid misunderstanding the images and the style of the Revelation of John we should first know that “revelations,” or “apocalypses” were a popular form of literature at the time of Jesus. There was an Apocalypse of Isaiah, one of Moses, and many others. It was a way of interpreting contemporary events wrapped up in formidable images, with visions and angels. The author of the book attributed it to a known prophet of the past, but only related events that were already known, trying to draw conclusions and showing what God wanted to achieve.

In writing this “Revelation of Jesus Christ,” John was expressing what the Lord taught him in many ways by means of his gifts as a prophet, but he also adopted the usual formulae of apocalyptic books. When he dealt with contemporary events, he placed them in his visions and fantastic illustrations. He did the same in the second part of his book, teaching us what history would be. He did not intend to relate future events (the Lord had not given him a video of them) but tells us what was at stake and who would be the real actors. We will better understand this Revelation if we interpret the visions, numbers and symbols according to the rules of apocalyptic literature. Then we shall see that the Revelation of Jesus Christ is neither difficult nor terrifying but full of joy and hope.

The risen Christ is the center of history; the world is the place of the struggle between the church, headed by Christ, and Satan’s forces; Christians are called to give their witness with courage.

In this book we can see seven series, each with seven elements, in four major parts:

– the seven messages to the churches, chapters 1–3;
– the fulfillment of the Old Testament, chapters 4–11;
– the Church faces the Roman Empire, chapters 12–19;
– the last days and the heavenly Jerusalem, chapters 20–22.

Down below are the introductions in the Mandarin Chinese, Tagalog, Cebuano, and Spanish editions.

Translation: Mandarin Chinese

若望在极度喜悦中看到复活基督的光荣,因此他理解教会已开始受到迫害的命运。这是本书的起源,耶稣基督的默示。

为什么人们会认为默示录是一部神秘的书,难以理解?为什么对许多人而言,书中确有惊人的寓意?会不会是因为有许多人想从中找寻到适用于当前事件的神秘人物或讯息,就像若望曾清清楚楚地宣告过的。

如果我们要避免曲解若望默示录中的形象和文体,我们首先该懂得“默示录”(或“启示录”)所采用的文学形式,是耶稣时代普遍应用的。在这之前也有依撒意亚默示录、梅瑟默示录以及其他先知的著书。他们都运用了一种转译法写作:把周围发生的事件包裹在千奇百怪的形象、神视和天使形象中表达。本书作者将书归功于过去的一位先知,他陈述的是已为人知的大小事件,试著作总结并展示天主想得到的东西。

写作“耶稣基督默示录”,若望是在运用他做先知的神恩,从多种角度、用各种方法来表达上主对他的教导。不过他也应用了一般启示录惯用的形式。

当提到他同时代发生的事件时,若望把它们置于神视和神奇的幻像里。在书中第二部分,他也这样写作,教导我们历史将会怎样。他没有试图讲述将来的事件,而是告诉我们历史中危急的时刻,以及其中真正的角色是谁。如果我们按照启示文学的规则来阐释书中诸多的神视、数字和征兆,就能更好地理解默示录。然后我们会发现:耶稣基督的默示既不难理解又不令人恐惧,而是充满喜乐和希望。

复活的基督是历史的中心。世界是以基督为领袖的教会和撒殚的力量抗争的战场,基督徒受到召唤,要以勇气来作见证。

这部书分为四大部份,有七个系列,每一系列有七要件,这四部份是:

给教会的七项讯息,1-3章;
旧约的实现,4-11章;
面对罗马帝国的教会,12-19章;
末日和天上的耶路撒冷,20-22章。

Translation: Tagalog

Inagawan ako ng diwa, sabi ni Juan at nakakita ako. At sunod na isinasalaysay ni Juan ang mga pangitain na sa mga ito niya namalas ang kaluwalhatian ni Jesus na muling binuhay at nahiwatigan din ang mga pagsubok na haharapin ng Iglesya.

Bakit itinuturing ang Pagbubunyag na mahiwagang aklat na may nakapangingilabot na kahulugan? Dahil kaya marami ang naghahanap doon ng mga lihim na anyo at mensahe na maaaring iangkop sa kasalukuyang mga pangyayari na tila ipinahayag ni Juan ang bawat detalye?

Pagbubunyag ito ni Jesuscristo. Dapat nating malaman na uso sa panahon ni Jesus ang mga aklat na tinatawag na “Pagbubunyag” (o Apokalipsis). Kaya nga, alam natin ang isang Pagbubunyag ni Isaias, isa pang tinatawag na kay Moises at isa pang tinatawag na kay Enoc… Hangad ng mga aklat na nabanggit na maipaliwanag ang mga pangyayari sa kapanahunang iyon, ngunit ikinubli ang mga pangyayaring nasabi at nadamtan ng maraming larawan. Kaya pinag-uusapan ang mga iyon sa pamamagitan ng mga pangitaing likhang-isip lamang at mga larawang hindi kapani-paniwala.

Kayat para sa mga mambabasa, naging isang laro ito para kilalanin ang sariling realidad sa isang paraang kumplikado.

Kaya nga, hinahangad ni Juan na ipaliwanag ang kanyang kaalamang pampropesiya hinggil sa kasaysayan sa anyo ng isang pagbubunyag at mauunawaan natin ang kanyang mensahe kung hindi natin tatanggaping literal ang lahat. Sa halip, kailangang bigyang-katuturan natin ang mga pangitain, bilang at sagisag, o makapagbunyag ayon sa mga tuntuning tangi sa panitikang apokaliptiko.

Gayunman, sa bawat dantaon maraming tao ang nag-aakala na nasa sentro sila ng mga pangyayari at iniisip nila na ang kanilang panahon ang tinutukoy ng Pagbubunyag. Kaya ipinaliliwanag nila ang aklat sa paraan na waring ipinahayag ni Juan ang bawat detalye ng kasalukuyang kasaysayan. Makikita naman natin na hindi mahirap unawain ang Pagbubunyag ni lalong nakapangingilabot kundi puno ng pag-asa. Ang Nabuhay na Kristo ang sentro ng kasaysayan; ang daigdig ay ang pook ng tunggalian ng simbahan, sa pamumuno ni Kristo, at ng mga lakas ni Satanas; tinatawagan ang mga Kristiyano na magpatotoo nang buong-tapang.

Sa aklat na ito matatagpuan ang pitong sunud-sunod na mga pangyayari, na pito ang sangkap ng bawat isa. Apat naman ang pangunahing bahagi ng aklat:

– Ang pitong mensahe sa mga Iglesya, kab.1-3.
– Ang katuparan ng Matandang Tipan, kab. 4-11.
– Hinaharap ng Iglesya ang Imperyo ng Roma, kab. 11-19:6.
– Ang mga huling araw at ang makalangit na Jerusalem, kab. 20-22.

Translation: Cebuano

Taliwala sa tumang kalipay, nakita ni Juan ang himaya sa nabanhawng Cristo. Busa, nasabtan niya ang dangatan sa simbahan nga gihulga sa unang panglutos. Sinugdan ni sa iyang libro: Ang “REBELASYON” ni Cristo.

Nganong naila ang “rebelasyon” nga misteryosong libro, lisod sabton; ug nganong duna ni makahadlok nga kahulogan alang sa daghang katawhan? Tungod ba kaha, kay daghang mangita sa tinagong mensahe ini aron ipahiuyon sa panghitabo karon nga daw gibalita na ni Juan ang detalye?

Kasagaran, tungod ni sa kamatuoran nga sa panahon ni Jesus, uso kaayo ang sinulat nga apokaliptiko. Nasayran nato nga dunay Apocalipsis si Isaias, si Moises, ug si Enoc… ang maong mga libro nagpahayag sa panghitabo anang panahona, apan gilimisan ni sa panan-awon ug nindot nga mga hulagway. Busa, alang sa magbabasa, dula ni sa pag-ila sa matuod nga kahimtang nga gipasundayag sa binag-ong paagi.

Busa, kon buot si Juan nga mopatin-aw sa propetikong pagsabot sa kasaysayang apocaliptiko, masabtan nato ang iyang mensahe kon dili literalon pagsabot. Hinunoa, sabton ta ang mga panan-awon, numero, ug mga simbolo sumala sa gimbut-an nga sa mga apocaliptiko lang nga sinulat. Ug atong makita nga ang “Rebelasyon ni JesuCristo” dili lisod ug makalilisang, apan puno sa paglaom.

Ang nabanhaw nga Cristo sentro sa kasaysayan; ang kalibotan dapit sa panagbangi tali sa Simbahan (nga gipangulohan ni Cristo), ug sa mga kaabin ni Satanas. Ang kristyanos gitawag aron pagsusi uban ang kaisog.

Ining libroha, makita ang pito ka kutay; ang matag usa dunay pito ka elemento sa upat ka dagkong bahin:

– Ang pito ka mensahe sa mga Simbahan, sa Kapitulo 1-3.
– Pagbalik-susi sa Daang Kasabotan, sa Kapitulo 4-11.
– Ang Simbahan nag-atubang sa Imperyo Romano (Gingharian sa Roma), sa kapitulo 12-19:6.
– Ang kataposang mga adlaw ug ang langitnong Jerusalem, sa Kapitulo 20-22.

Translation: Spanish

Juan “el Profeta” –tal vez el mismo que escribió el Evangelio– fue deportado a la isla de Patmos a causa de su fe. Desde ese lugar nos legó este Apocalipsis de Jesucristo. Cielos abiertos, ángeles y catástrofes, corrupción de los satisfechos y sangre de los mártires: el juicio de Dios atraviesa toda nuestra historia. La gloria de Dios está a nuestro lado, detrás de la cortina, y todo desemboca en la ciudad celestial.

¿Por qué el Apocalipsis tiene ahora reputación de ser un libro misterioso y difícil de entender, y para muchos Apocalipsis tiene sentido de terrorífico? ¿Acaso será porque algunos buscan en él mensajes secretos que podrían referirse a nuestro tiempo?

Para poder entender el Apocalipsis de Juan, debemos saber que la «apocalipsis» era una forma de literatura muy de moda en la época de Jesús. Era un arte de escribir con imágenes grandiosas, visiones y ángeles sobre acontecimientos contemporáneos: véase al respecto la Introducción a Daniel.

Al escribir este libro, que nos ayudaría a entender mejor lo que sucede a nuestro alrededor y a cumplir con más empeño nuestra misión de cristianos, Juan expresó lo que el Señor le había enseñado por la experiencia o mediante sus dones de profeta, pero utilizó conscientemente el estilo y las fórmulas habituales de la literatura apocalíptica. Pintó con imágenes fantásticas los acontecimientos que presenciaba, el Evangelio llevado a las naciones, la Iglesia combatida y los primeros mártires. Y sus visiones hoy indican cuál es la trama y cuáles los verdaderos actores de la historia presente.

El “Apocalipsis de Jesucristo” no es ni difícil ni terrorífico sino lleno de alegría y de esperanza. Cristo resucitado es el centro de la historia; el mundo es el escenario de la lucha entre la Iglesia, encabezada por Cristo, y las fuerzas del demonio; los cristianos son llamados a dar valientemente su testimonio.

Se pueden reconocer en el Apocalipsis siete series de siete elementos cada una, distribuidas en cuatro grandes partes:

— Los siete mensajes a las Iglesias, cap. 1-3.
— Balance del Antiguo Testamento, cap. 4-9.
— La Iglesia se enfrenta con el imperio romano, cap. 13,1 – 19,6.
— Los últimos tiempos y la Jerusalén celestial, cap. 20-22.

En el centro del libro, los tres grandes ejes de la historia cristiana: capítulos 10 – 12.

–- El secreto de Dios revelado, Dios hecho hombre: cap. 10.
–- El Evangelio proclamado: cap. 11.
–- La rebeldía contra el plan de Dios: cap. 12