11:15a

As the LORD had commanded His servant Moses: The clause As the LORD had commanded His servant Moses refers to Yahweh’s command to Moses to destroy the inhabitants of the land. Yahweh gave Moses this command in Numbers 33:51–52. Verse 11:15 emphasizes that Joshua followed these commands completely.

In some languages it may help to include some implicit information. For example:

As Yahweh had commanded his servant Moses ⌊to destroy all the inhabitants of the land⌋

11:15b

so Moses commanded Joshua. That is what Joshua did: The clause so Moses commanded Joshua. That is what Joshua did indicates that Moses told Joshua what Yahweh had commanded, and Joshua obeyed the command to destroy the people living in the land of Canaan.

Here are some other ways to translate 15a-b:

The command that Yahweh gave to Moses his servant, Moses told to Joshua, and Joshua obeyed.

Yahweh had commanded Moses his servant ⌊to kill all the people in the land⌋ . Moses gave this command to Joshua, and Joshua obeyed it.

11:15c

leaving nothing undone of all that the LORD had commanded Moses: The phrase leaving nothing undone is a double negative. Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

he did everything that Yahweh had commanded Moses
-or-
he did not fail to do anything that Yahweh had commanded Moses

This clause repeats the information that Joshua completely obeyed Yahweh’s command. It is repeated for emphasis. Use a way that is most natural to show how completely Joshua followed Yahweh’s commands.

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

13:12a

the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan: The phrase the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan indicates all the places that were named in the previous verse. It may be helpful to make this explicit. For example:

that is, the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan (New International Version)
-or-
These ⌊previously mentioned⌋ places were all included in the land of King Og, who ruled in Bashan Territory

The story of how Moses and the Israelites defeated the kingdom of Og in Bashan is found in Numbers 21:33-35.

13:12b

who had reigned in Ashtaroth: The town of Ashtaroth was the capital city of King Og. It was twenty-two miles east of the Sea of Galilee.

and Edrei: King Og also had a residence in the town of Edrei. Edrei was mentioned in Joshua 12:4, and you should translate it the same way in both places.

13:12c

and had remained as a remnant of the Rephaim: The clause and had remained as a remnant of the Rephaim is placed in parentheses in some English versions to indicate that the translators consider this to be background information. There are no parentheses in the Hebrew text or the Berean Standard Bible.

remnant: The word remnant indicates that only a few of the Rephaim were still alive.

Rephaim: The word Rephaim occurred in Joshua 12:4 and you should translate it the same way in both places.

13:12d

Moses had struck them down and dispossessed them: The pronoun them indicates the two kings, King Sihon and King Og. It may be more natural to make this information explicit, for example:

Moses had conquered and dispossessed these two kings (New Jerusalem Bible)
-or-
Moses had defeated Sihon and Og and their people and had forced them to leave their land (Contemporary English Version)

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

14:11a

still as strong today as I was the day Moses sent me out: Here are some other ways to translate this sentence:

I am as strong today as I was when Moses told me to go ⌊to spy on the land⌋
-or-
I am as strong today as I was then

14:11b

As my strength was then, so it is now: The clause As my strength was then, so it is now has the same meaning as the previous clause. It is repeated in slightly different words in Hebrew to emphasize the statement.

14:11c

for war: The phrase for war indicates the ability to be a soldier and fight in a battle.

for going out, and for coming in: The Hebrew clause that the Berean Standard Bible translates as for going out, and for coming in is more literally “to go out and to come in.” This is a Hebrew idiom that refers to the ability to do one’s daily activities.

Here are some other ways to translate these phrases:

to fight battles and to do all my daily work
-or-
to go out to war as well as do any other thing
-or-
I am still strong enough to fight in war, and to do anything else.

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

15:28

Hazar-shual, Beersheba, Biziothiah:

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

Paragraph: 15:60

This paragraph names two more towns that were given to the tribe of Judah.

15:60a

Kiriath-baal (that is, Kiriath-jearim), and Rabbah: This is a new list of towns. It may be helpful to make this clear.

Here is another way to translate this part of the verse:

⌊There were also the towns of⌋ Kiriath-baal which is also known as Kiriath-jearim, and Rabbah
-or-

⌊Also there were⌋ Kiriath-baal whose other name is Kiriath-jearim, and Rabbah

15:60b

two cities, along with their villages: Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

The total of these was two towns, and there were villages that surrounded them.
-or-
The number of these towns was two, with the villages that were near them.

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

Section 18:1-10 Joshua divided land among the remaining seven clans

In this section Joshua instructed the remaining seven clans to make a plan for dividing up the rest of the land of Canaan.

Here are some other possible section headings:

Dividing the rest of the land
-or-
The rest of the land is distributed

Paragraph 18:1–10

18:1a

Then the whole congregation of Israel assembled at Shiloh: The phrase the whole congregation refers to all the Israelite people.

Shiloh: Shiloh is a town in the territory of the Ephraim clan. It was in the center of Israel, west of the Jordan River.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Then all the community of Israel gathered at Shiloh
-or-
All the Israelite people met together at the town of Shiloh

18:1b

and set up the Tent of Meeting there: The tent of meeting was the tent that God told the Israelites to make. God gave detailed instructions to Moses on how to set up this tent and the things that were inside it. These instructions are found in Exodus 25–27. The fabric of the tent had outer layers made of goat hair. The inner layers were made of linen which were skillfully embroidered to make the inside beautiful.

The term Tent of Meeting emphasizes that this tent is where God met with his people.

A tent is a portable shelter made of cloth. The Israelites took the tent down and carried it when they moved through the wilderness. Some languages may not have a word for “tent.” In some languages, the closest equivalent may be “hut.”

Here are some other ways to translate this term:

holy tent
-or-
meeting tent
-or-
tent of the Lord ’s presence (Good News Translation)

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

and put up the meeting tent there
-or-
they set up the holy tent there

18:1c

And though the land was subdued before them: The clause the land was subdued before them indicates that the Israelites had conquered the people who lived in the land.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

The Israelites had conquered the land
-or-
They had defeated the people of the land

General Comment on verse 18:1

In some languages it may be more natural to reorder the parts of this verse so that they occur in chronological sequence. For example:

After the Israelites had defeated the people of the land they set up the tent of meeting at Shiloh

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

19:5

Ziklag, Beth-marcaboth, Hazar-susah: Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

the town of Ziklag, the town of Beth-marcaboth, the town of Hazar-susah
-or-
Ziklag town and Beth-marcaboth town and Hazar-susah town

© 2001, 2011, 2020, 2022, 2023 by SIL International®
Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

19:37

Kedesh, Edrei, En-hazor: The town of Kedesh was northwest of the Sea of Galilee, in the hill country of Galilee. The locations of the towns of Edrei and En-hazor are not known.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Kedesh town, Edrei town, En-hazor town
-or-
and Kedesh town and Edrei town and En-hazor town

© 2001, 2011, 2020, 2022, 2023 by SIL International®
Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.