11:22a

No Anakim were left in the land of the Israelites: The clause No Anakim were left in the land of the Israelites repeats the information of verse 21 in different words, to emphasize its importance.

the land of the Israelites: The phrase the land of the Israelites indicates the entire country of the Israelites. It includes both the southern part, which was called Judah in verse 21, and the northern part, which was called Israel.

11:22b

only in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod: The towns of Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod were in the territory of the Philistines. They were in southwestern Canaan, on the Mediterranean Sea.

did any survive: The clause did any survive indicates that some Anakim still lived in the towns of Gaza, Gath and Ashdod. The Israelites did not capture these towns.

Here is another way to translate this phrase:

However, there were still some Anakim who lived in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod.

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All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

13:19a

Kiriathaim: The term Kiriathaim indicates a town that was part of the kingdom of King Sihon. Its location is uncertain.

Sibmah: The term Sibmah indicates a town that was part of the kingdom of King Sihon. It was famous for its vineyards and is mentioned in Isaiah 16:8-9 and Jeremiah 48:32. Its location is unknown.

13:19b

Zereth-shahar on the hill in the valley: The term Zereth-shahar indicates a town that was part of the kingdom of King Sihon. The location of this town is uncertain.

the hill in the valley: The word valley probably refers to the Jordan River Valley. It is not known what hill this refers to.

Here is another way to spell the name of this town:

Zereth Shahar (New International Version, NET Bible)

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

15:3a

proceeded south of the Ascent of Akrabbim: This indicates that the border passed to the south of the Ascent of Akrabbim as it continued going on toward the west.

proceeded: The Hebrew verbs in verses 3-12 are not in the same tense as the verbs in verses 1 and 2. The Revised Standard Version uses a present tense to reflect this change in the Hebrew tense, but some English versions like the Berean Standard Bible do not.

It is recommended that you translate these verses using the same tense or aspect throughout. Choose a tense or aspect that is natural for a description of land boundaries.

Ascent of Akrabbim: The phrase Ascent of Akrabbim refers to a mountain pass or a road through the mountains. The Hebrew word Akrabbim means scorpion. Some English versions translate this phrase as “Scorpion Pass.”

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

As it went west from there, it ran south of Scorpion Pass (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
The boundary line continued south of Scorpion Pass
-or-
The border went south of Akrabbim Pass ⌊as it continued westward⌋

15:3b

continued on to Zin, went over to the south of Kadesh-barnea: The town of Kadesh-barnea was mentioned in Joshua 10:41. You should translate it the same way in both places.

Zin: This refers to the “Wilderness of Zin” that was mentioned in verse 15:1.

went over: The phrase went over indicates that the boundary went uphill as it went past the town of Kadesh-barnea.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

then continued to the Wilderness of Zin, and up south of the town of Kadesh-barnea
-or-
the boundary line went to the Wilderness of Zin and went uphill as it passed south of Kadesh-barnea

15:3c

ran past Hezron up to Addar, and curved toward Karka: The phrase up to Addar indicates that the boundary ascended in elevation as it went from Hezron to Addar.

Hezron…Addar…Karka: These are the names of small towns. It may be helpful in some languages to include the term “town” in the translation.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

It continued past Hezron up to Addar, turned toward Karka (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
Then it ran past Hezron up to Addar and curved around to Karka (New International Version)
-or-
The boundary line went on to the town of Hezron, then went uphill to the town of Addar, and turned toward the town of Karka

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

15:35

Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah:

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

16:4

So Ephraim and Manasseh, the sons of Joseph, received their inheritance: This verse is the conclusion to the paragraph. It may be helpful to add a conjunction or a phrase which shows that this is a conclusion, like the Berean Standard Bible does with So. For another example:

The people of Joseph, namely Manasseh and Ephraim, received their land according to the boundary lines given above

Ephraim and Manasseh: It may be helpful to state that the clans of Ephraim and Manasseh are the descendants of Joseph. For example:

the descendants of Joseph, that is, the clans of Ephraim and Manasseh

Manasseh: Manasseh was the first son of Joseph so he is listed first in the Hebrew. In the paragraph that follows, the land that Ephraim received is described before that of Manasseh. This reflects the story in Genesis 48, in which Joseph blessed Ephraim before he blessed Manasseh.

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

18:8a

As the men got up to go out: The Hebrew phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as got up to go out is more literally “the men arose and they went.” This is a Hebrew idiom that is used to indicate the beginning of an action. Translate this in a way that is natural in your language to indicate the beginning of an action.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

So the men started to go
-or-
The men went on their journey

18:8b

Joshua commanded them to map out the land, saying: The English word commanded can also be translated as “charged” or “told.”

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Joshua instructed them (New International Version)
-or-
Joshua repeated their orders (Contemporary English Version)

18:8c

Go and survey the land, map it out: The words in 18:8c are similar to 18:4b–c. You should translate these verses in a similar way.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Walk all around the land and write a report about it
-or-
Go through the land and draw a map of it. The map will show the boundaries of the land.

18:8d

and return to me: Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Then come back to me
-or-
Then return to me

18:8e

Then I will cast lots for you here in Shiloh in the presence of the LORD: This verse is like verse 18:6c except that the words in Shiloh are added.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

Here in Shiloh town I will throw lots for you in the presence of Yahweh
-or-
I will throw marked stones here in Shiloh town to let Yahweh decide how to divide the land among you

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

19:12a

From Sarid it turned eastward: The description of the border returns to the starting point at the town of Sarid. The southern border is described as it went northeast along the foothills near Nazareth.

it turned eastward: Although the Hebrew phrase is literally “eastward toward the sunrise,” in some languages it may be redundant to include both the term eastward and the phrase “toward the sunrise.” One of these terms may be left as implicit information. For example:

From Sarid it turned eastward to the territory of Kisloth Tabor (NET Bible)

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

From the other side of the town of Sarid it turned east toward the sunrise
-or-
Beginning again at Sarid town the border went toward the sunrise

19:12b

along the border of Chisloth-tabor: The Hebrew word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as border also has the meaning of “territory.” Some English versions translate this term as “territory.” It is recommended that you translate this term as “boundary” or border.

Chisloth-tabor: The term Chisloth-tabor refers to a town. It was southeast of the town of Nazareth.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

up to the border of Chisloth-tabor
-or-
and reached the boundary of the town of Chisloth-tabor

19:12c

and went on to Daberath and up to Japhia: The town of Daberath is northeast of Chisloth-tabor. The town of Japhia is southeast of the town of Nazareth.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

From there the border went on to Daberath town and then on to Japhia town
-or-
Then the boundary line continued to the town of Daberath and up to the town of Japhia

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Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

19:44

Eltekeh, Gibbethon: These two towns were southeast of the town of Joppa.

Baalath: The location of this town is uncertain.

Here is another way to translate this part of the verse:

Eltekeh town and Gibbethon town and Baalath town

© 2001, 2011, 2020, 2022, 2023 by SIL International®
Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.