SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 2018 – Page 8

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 3:7

Paragraph 3:7

3:7

Husbands…treat your wives…as a delicate vessel: There are two ways of understanding the structure of this verse:

(1) The phrase “as a delicate vessel” belongs with the command to treat one’s wife with respect/honor. For example:

Likewise you husbands, live considerately with your wives, bestowing honor on the woman as the weaker sex, since you are joint heirs of the grace of life…. (Revised Standard Version)

(Revised Standard Version, New International Version, King James Version, Revised English Bible, Contemporary English Version, New Jerusalem Bible)

(2) The phrase “as a delicate vessel” belongs with the command to be considerate to one’s wife. For example:

Husbands, in the same way treat your wives with consideration as the weaker partners and show them honor as fellow heirs of the grace of life…. (NET Bible)

(Berean Standard Bible, New American Standard Bible, Good News Translation, NET Bible, God’s Word, New Century Version)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1).

3:7a

Husbands: The term you use to translate Husbands should match the term you used in 3:1a. Peter is now starting to address a different group of people, Christian men who are married.

in the same way: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as in the same way is the same word as in 3:1a. It introduces a new subject on the same general theme of treating one another appropriately and with respect. THere is another way to translate this phrase:

Likewise (Revised Standard Version)

treat your wives with consideration: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as treat your wives with consideration is literally “live with [your wives] according to knowledge/understanding.” Peter wanted Christian husbands to be wise in the way they treated their wives and to try to understand them. Other translation models include:

you husbands must show understanding in your married life (Revised English Bible)
-or-
If you are a husband, you should be thoughtful of your wife (Contemporary English Version)

your wives: Each husband was to have only one wife. In some languages it may therefore be natural to use the singular. For example:

your wife

3:7b

as a delicate vessel: There are two ways of understanding how the phrase as a delicate vessel connects to the command “treat them with respect”:

(1) Husbands were to treat their wives with respect because women are weaker than men. For example:

since they are weaker than you (New Century Version)

(Berean Standard Bible, New International Version, Contemporary English Version, Revised English Bible, King James Version, New Century Version)

(2) Husbands were to treat their wives with respect in spite of the fact that women are weaker than men. For example:

though she may be the weaker partner (New Jerusalem Bible)

(New Jerusalem Bible)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and the majority of English versions.

delicate vessel: Peter did not say in what way he thought that women were more delicate than men. He was probably thinking of them as being physically weaker and restricted by the social customs of that time.

vessel: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as “vessel” refers to in this context to being a human being. Some versions do not translate this word, leaving the meaning implied from the context. For example:

since they are weaker than you (God’s Word)
-or-
she is not as strong ⌊a person⌋ as you are

with honor: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as with honor is literally “give due honor.” Refer to your translation of 2:17a, where a similar phrase is used. Here in 3:7b Peter used the noun meaning “honor” and a different verb, but the meaning is the same. Here is another way to translate this phrase:

Treat her with honor (Contemporary English Version)

3:7c

as fellow heirs of the gracious gift of life: Peter was saying that both husband and wife will receive eternal life. God gives this gift to both men and women.

heirs: Peter is using heirs in a figurative sense to mean people who are given something by their father. God our Father gives eternal life to all his children, both men and women.

the gracious gift of life: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as the gracious gift of life refers to the eternal life that God gives by his grace/kindness.

Other ways to translate this include:

she is your equal partner in God’s gift of new life (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
she will share with you the life that God kindly gives
-or-
because they also will receive, together with you, God’s gift of life (Good News Translation)

3:7d

so that your prayers will not be hindered: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as so that your prayers will not be hindered is in the passive. It may be helpful in your language to put it in the active. Some versions begin a new sentence here. For example:

In this way nothing will hinder your prayers. (NET Bible)
-or-
This will prevent anything from coming in the way of your prayers. (New Jerusalem Bible)

Peter was saying that God will not answer men’s prayers if they do not treat their wives with kindness and respect. In some languages it may be clearer to express the meaning in a positive way:

so that your prayers will be effective
-or-
so that ⌊God may hear⌋ your prayers

© 2018 by SIL International®
Made available under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (CC BY-SA) creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
All Scripture quotations in this publication, unless otherwise indicated, are from The Holy Bible, Berean Standard Bible.
BSB is produced in cooperation with Bible Hub, Discovery Bible, OpenBible.com, and the Berean Bible Translation Committee.

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 4:17

Paragraph 4:17–19

4:17a

Peter considered the persecution of the Christians to be the beginning of the final judgment. The purpose of the judgment is to purify God’s people. The fact that God judges and disciplines his own people is also taught in the Old Testament. See Malachi chapter 3, Ezekiel chapter 9, and Jeremiah 25:29.

For: The Greek conjunction that the Berean Standard Bible translates as For introduces a reason why Christians should praise God if they suffer for being a Christian (4:16b). That reason is stated in 4:17a: The time of judgment will soon begin with the family of God. Translate this conjunction in a way that is natural for your language.

it is time for judgment to begin: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as time in this context means the “right season.” In Peter’s time, God’s chosen time for judging people had begun.

for judgment to begin: In some languages it may be necessary to translate judgment as a verb. If you then need to supply a subject, you should supply “God.” For example:

for ⌊God⌋ to begin judging people
-or-
God will soon begin to judge people

with the family of God: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as the family of God is literally “the house of God.” Peter was saying that God would start by judging Christians. After that he would judge others. In some languages it may be natural to translate it as:

God’s chosen people
-or-
his own people (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
those who follow God/him

4:17b

and if it begins with us: The conjunction if does not express possibility or doubt in this context. Peter was saying that the judgment was in fact beginning with Christians. So it may be necessary to translate this as:

and since it is beginning with us…

4:17c

what will the outcome be for those who disobey the gospel of God?: This is a rhetorical question. Peter was saying that the judgment of nonbelievers will be much more severe than the judgment of believers.

There are at least two ways to translate this rhetorical question:

• As a rhetorical question. For example:

…what will be the end of those who do not obey the gospel of God? (Revised Standard Version)
-or-
…what will happen to those people who do not obey the Good News of God? (New Century Version)

• As an emphatic statement. For example:

Those people who do not obey the gospel of God will come to a bad end.
-or-
…imagine how terrible it will be for those who refuse to obey his message. (Contemporary English Version)

Use whichever form is most natural for a strong statement in your language.

gospel of God: The phrase gospel of God refers to the “good news” of God, that is, God’s good news about Jesus Christ. See how you translated “Gospel” in 1:12c.

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 1:4

1:4a

into an inheritance: In the Old Testament, inheritance referred to the land belonging to a family that passed from the father to his heir. In this context, inheritance is used in a figurative way. It does not refer here to literal land or possessions that Jesus left his disciples when he died. It refers to blessings such as salvation and eternal life that God gives to people who believe in Jesus Christ as their Savior. The word inheritance is used in this way in several other verses in the New Testament. Some other ways to translate “inheritance” are:

something stored up for you (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
blessings God has prepared for us
-or-
the things God has promised to give us

1:4b

that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading: The words imperishable, undefiled, and unfading are very similar in meaning. They describe various ways in which things may become worthless. In this context they indicate that the spiritual inheritance of believers will last forever.

is imperishable: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible literally translates as imperishable describes something that does not decay, die, or end. Other ways to say this are:

will never decay
-or-
will never rot
-or-
will always remain fresh/new
-or-
will never diminish in value

undefiled: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible literally translates as undefiled means that nothing can ever mar or pollute the inheritance. It will never diminish in value or goodness. Other ways to say this are:

cannot be spoiled (New Century Version)
-or-
will always remain pure

unfading: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible literally translates as unfading means that the inheritance will never fade. To “fade” is to lose brightness or beauty. The inheritance that God gives believers will never lose its brightness or beauty. In this context this word has a figurative meaning, since many of the blessings of the inheritance cannot be seen. These blessings are unfading in the sense that they are permanent. Other ways to say this are:

cannot…lose their beauty (New Century Version)
-or-
will never…disappear (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
cannot fade away (Good News Translation)

1:4c

reserved in heaven: The phrase reserved in heaven means “held in heaven.” This implies that the inheritance is safe and secure. God dwells in heaven, and so the inheritance is with him and he guards it.

This is a passive phrase. In some languages, it may be more natural to use an active expression. For example:

which ⌊God⌋ has kept/secured in heaven

heaven: In this context heaven refers to the place where God dwells. Other spiritual beings such as angels also dwell there.

• In languages that do not have a single word for heaven, you may need to use a descriptive phrase:

the place of God
-or-
the place where God lives

for you: Here Peter changed from referring to “us,” which included Peter and his readers (see 1:3b), to referring to them as you (with plural forms). This does not imply that God was not keeping an inheritance for Peter also. Peter was just changing the way he addressed his readers to help them apply his words to themselves.

In the Berean Standard Bible this statement is part of a long sentence that includes both “us” and “you.” In some languages it may be more natural to continue to refer to “us” here and change to “you” in 1:5.

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 2:11

Paragraph 2:11–12

2:11a

Beloved: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as Beloved was a common way for a letter writer to address his readers. It expressed his affection for them. It does not imply that Peter actually knew them personally as individuals. Some other ways Beloved can be translated include:

Dear ones
-or-
you whom I love
-or-
my friends (Good News Translation)

I urge you: The Greek verb that the Berean Standard Bible translates as urge means to ask very strongly or to earnestly recommend someone to do something. Other ways to translate this include:

I beg you
-or-
I beseech you
-or-
I appeal to you (Revised English Bible)

as foreigners and exiles: Peter reminds his readers again (see 1:1, 1:17) that this world is not their real home, so they are living here as foreigners and exiles.

Commentators agree that in this context foreigners means much the same things as exiles. The two words are used together as a stylistic device to emphasize what Peter is saying. Some English translations therefore combine them. For example:

as aliens in a foreign land (Revised English Bible)

foreigners: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as foreigners is related to the word that it translates as “foreigners” in 1:17c. It refers to someone who is living temporarily in a country of which he is not a citizen.

exiles: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as exiles is the same as that in 1:1c. It again refers to someone living in a land that is not his own. See how you translated this word in 1:1c.

Some other ways foreigners and exiles can be translated include:

temporary residents and foreigners (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
strangers and refugees (Good News Translation)
-or-
aliens and exiles (Revised Standard Version)

General Comment on 2:11a

The fact that the believers were foreigners and exiles is the ground for the appeal. So in some languages it may be helpful to say:

…you are foreigners and strangers on this earth. So I beg you… (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
…you are foreigners and aliens here. So I warn you… (New Living Translation (2004))

2:11b

to abstain from the desires of the flesh: The word abstain means to hold oneself back from doing something.

So the phrase to abstain from the desires of the flesh means “not to do things you want to do that are wrong” or “to avoid doing the things that your sinful human nature wants to do.”

from the desires of the flesh: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as the desires of the flesh is literally “fleshly desires.” The adjective “fleshly,” that is, “of the flesh,” refers in this context to the human nature that tends towards sin. “Flesh” is here contrasted with the “soul,” which is the immortal and spiritual part of man that desires to do God’s will.

If possible, do not translate “flesh” as “body.” It is true that sinful actions are done with our bodies, but our minds and hearts are involved as well (Mark 7:21).

Other ways to say this phrase include:

to keep away from fleshly desires (NET Bible)
-or-
not to surrender to sinful desires
-or-
avoid doing the bad things you want to do

2:11c

which war against your soul: This is a figure of speech. Peter was saying that all sinful desires are like enemies that are fighting against the believer’s soul.

your soul: The soul is the real person/individual, as in 1:9. It is the person who has been rescued for eternal life. This life is threatened by the desires of the unredeemed human nature.

Other ways of saying this include:

that attack the soul (New Jerusalem Bible)
-or-
that battle your soul
-or-
those desires that fight against you (Contemporary English Version)

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 3:18

Paragraph 3:18–22

3:18a

As in 2:21–24, Peter refers to Christ’s sufferings in order to encourage the Christians to bear their suffering patiently.

For: The Greek conjunction that the Berean Standard Bible translates as For introduces a reason why it may be God’s will for Christians to suffer for doing right. The reason is that Christ himself did this. In some languages it may be possible to translate this conjunction as:

You see

Christ also: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as also compares how Christians should suffer to how Christ died. Christ died innocently, as a righteous man, and that is the way Christians should suffer. However, Christians cannot die for sins to bring people to God. Make sure that your translation does not imply this. To avoid this, you may want to:

• Use a phrase that does not imply that the two situations are exactly the same. For example:

Christ himself

• Supply an introductory phrase suggesting a general comparison such as:

Think of what happened to Christ

suffered: There is a textual issue here:

(1) Some Greek texts have died. For example:

died (Good News Translation)

(Revised Standard Version, New Jerusalem Bible, New American Standard Bible, Contemporary English Version, New International Version, Good News Translation)

(2) Some Greek texts have suffered. For example:

suffered (New Revised Standard Version)

(Berean Standard Bible, King James Version, God’s Word, English Standard Version, New Century Version, NET Bible, New International Version (2011), New Living Translation (2004), New Revised Standard Version, Revised English Bible)

It is recommended that you follow option (1). This has the strongest support from the ancient Greek manuscripts. The meaning of the two verbs, of course, is very similar. Christ’s suffering led to or resulted in his death.

for sins: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as for sins means here means “because of people’s sins” or “on account of other people’s sins.” Jesus himself had not sinned. Peter and his readers had all sinned, so in some languages it may natural to supply the pronoun “your (plur.) ” or “our”:

for ⌊your (plur.)⌋ sins
-or-
for ⌊our (incl.)⌋ sins

once for all: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as once for all here means that Christ suffered only one time, and it was sufficient. (It does not mean “once for the sake of all people.”) Here is another way to translate this phrase:

once for all time (New Living Translation (2004))

3:18b

the righteous for the unrighteous: There is some implied information here. The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as the righteous for the unrighteous is a shortened way of saying “⌊Christ, who is⌋ righteous, ⌊died⌋ for the ⌊sake of other people, who are⌋ unrighteous.”

righteous: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as righteous here means “good” or “innocent.” Christ had done nothing for which he deserved to die. See how you translated righteous in 3:12.

for: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as for here means “on behalf of” or “for the sake of.” For example:

on behalf of (Good News Translation)

the unrighteous: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as the unrighteous describes all people as sinful and guilty in God’s sight. Some other ways to translate unrighteous include:

guilty people (God’s Word)
-or-
Sinners (New Living Translation (2004))

Peter’s readers were included among the unrighteous. It may therefore be natural to say here:

⌊you who are⌋ unrighteous
-or-

⌊you who are⌋ guilty

Before deciding which pronoun to supply, read the following note on the textual difficulty in 3:18c. The pronoun you use in 3:18b should agree with that in 3:18c.

3:18c

to bring you to God: There is a textual issue here:

(1) Some Greek texts have you. For example:

so that he could bring you to God (God’s Word)

(Berean Standard Bible, New International Version, New Revised Standard Version, NET Bible, Contemporary English Version, New Century Version, God’s Word)

(2) Some Greek texts have us. For example:

that he might bring us to God (Revised Standard Version)

(New Jerusalem Bible, King James Version, New American Standard Bible, New Living Translation (2004), Revised Standard Version)

It is recommended that you follow option (1), which is favored by commentators. Make sure that your choice agrees with any pronoun you have supplied in 3:18b.

to bring…to God: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as to bring…to God means to lead someone into God’s presence, to reconcile someone with God. Some other ways this phrase has been translated are:

to bring you safely home to God (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
in order to lead you to God (Good News Translation)

3:18d–e

Most of the modern versions start a new sentence here. These verse parts give the way/means by which Christ brought us to God.

3:18d

He was put to death in the body: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as body is literally “flesh.” In this context this word probably refers to the world of physical, material things. People killed Jesus’ physical body made of flesh when they hung him on the cross. Here is another way to translate this:

He was put to death physically (Good News Translation)

The phrase He was put to death is passive. In some languages it may be necessary to use an active verb:

⌊People⌋ killed Christ’s ⌊fleshly/ physical⌋ body

3:18e

made alive in the Spirit: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as by the Spirit can be literally translates as “in/by spirit/Spirit.” There are three ways of understanding this word:

(1) It refers to the spiritual realm, the sphere of spiritual life. For example:

he was made alive spiritually (Good News Translation)

(Good News Translation; probably Revised Standard Version, New American Standard Bible, Revised English Bible, New Jerusalem Bible, which all refer to “the spirit”)

(2) It refers to the Holy Spirit. For example:

he was raised to life in the Spirit (New Living Translation (2004))

(Berean Standard Bible, New International Version, King James Version, New Living Translation (2004), which all capitalize Spirit)

(3) It refers to Christ’s own human spirit. For example:

his spirit was made alive (Contemporary English Version)

(God’s Word, Contemporary English Version, which say “his spirit”)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). Peter was probably referring to the sphere of spiritual things, the realm where the Spirit of God works unseen. This is in contrast to the physical world of flesh and material things mentioned in 3:18d.

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 5:9

5:9a

Resist him: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as Resist him means to refuse to do what Satan wants. Believers should oppose Satan by not yielding to temptation. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

Refuse to give in to him (New Century Version)
-or-
Stand up to him (Revised English Bible)

standing firm in your faith: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates literally as standing firm in your faith means “continuing to trust in God strongly.” Some other ways to translate standing firm include:

stay strong (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
be strong (New Living Translation (2004))

your faith: There are two ways to understand the Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as your faith, which is literally “the faith”:

(1) It means your faith and refers to the believer’s personal trust in God. For example:

your faith (Good News Translation)

(Berean Standard Bible, Revised English Bible, Good News Translation, Contemporary English Version, New American Standard Bible, Revised Standard Version, New Jerusalem Bible, NET Bible, New Living Translation (2004), New Century Version)

(2) It means the faith and refers to the Christian religion. For example:

the faith (God’s Word)

(King James Version, New International Version, God’s Word)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), along with the majority of English versions and commentaries.

General Comment on 5:9a

In some languages it may be natural to reverse the order of these clauses. For example:

Be firm in your faith and resist him (Good News Translation)

5:9b

and in the knowledge that: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as and in the knowledge that is literally “knowing.” It introduces a reason for resisting the devil and staying firm in one’s faith. That reason is given in 5:9c. Other ways of translating this word include:

Remember that (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
You know that (Contemporary English Version)

5:9c

your brothers: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as your brothers here is literally “your brotherhood.” It refers to other Christians, to people who believed in Jesus Christ as Peter’s readers did. Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

your Christian brothers and sisters (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
other believers (God’s Word)

are undergoing the same kinds of suffering: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as are undergoing the same kind of sufferings suggests that it was necessary for the believers to suffer in this way. The suffering was something that had to be endured. It was a necessary part of God’s purpose. The Revised Standard Version makes this explicit:

the same experience of suffering is required

Other English versions leave the idea of necessity implicit. For example:

are enduring the same kinds of suffering (NET Bible)
-or-
are going through the same kinds of suffering (Revised English Bible)

If it is possible in your language, try to suggest that such suffering was necessary for other Christians also.

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 1:15

1:15a

But: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as But is a conjunction that indicates contrast. In this case, the contrast is between what Peter told his readers not to do in 1:14 and what he told them to do here in this verse. Indicate this contrast in a way that is natural in your language. For example:

Instead (Good News Translation)

just as He who called you is holy: There are two ways of interpreting the role or function of the Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as holy :

(1) It is an adjective describing God. The quality of holiness is attributed to him. For example:

as he who called you is holy (Revised Standard Version)

(Berean Standard Bible, Good News Translation, God’s Word, New International Version, King James Version, New Century Version, New Living Translation (2004), Revised English Bible, Revised Standard Version, Contemporary English Version, Phillips’ New Testament in Modern English)

(2) It is a title for God and functions as a noun: the Holy One. For example:

like the Holy One who called you (New American Standard Bible)

(NET Bible, New Jerusalem Bible, New American Standard Bible)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and the majority of English versions.

just as:
The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as just as here means “in the same way that.” Here is another way to translate this:

like (NET Bible)

He who called you: The phrase He who called you refers to God. In some languages it may be necessary to make that explicit. For example:

just as ⌊God⌋ who called you is holy (Good News Translation)

called: The Greek verb that the Berean Standard Bible translates as called refers to God’s invitation to Peter’s readers to be in a relationship with him. In some languages it may be necessary to say what God called these people to do. For example:

called you ⌊to be his people⌋
-or-
chose you ⌊to be his children⌋

“To be his children” is a good choice in this context, since in 1:14 Peter spoke of his readers as obedient children of God.

holy: In this context, the word holy refers to fully serving God. It also refers to living a good, morally pure life. (It also means “to be pure” and “free from sin.”) Some other examples for translating are:

dedicated to God
-or-
fully serving God
-or-

⌊morally⌋ pure
-or-

⌊morally⌋ upright

1:15b

so: This verse part starts with the common Greek conjunction that normally means “and.” The Berean Standard Bible has translated it as “so.” Some English versions do not translate this conjunction in this context. Translate this conjunction in a way that is natural in your language to link 1:15b with 1:15a. Another way to translate it is:

also (New American Standard Bible)

be holy in all you do: The Greek text here contains a word that the Berean Standard Bible has left implicit. This word could be literally translated as “yourselves,” as in “be holy yourselves in all….” Its purpose is to emphasize the subject “you.” Consider if you have a natural way to show this emphasis.

Some other ways you may be able to translate this are:

so you yourselves must/should always do what is right
-or-
now you must be holy in everything you do (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
you must be holy in every aspect of your life. (God’s Word)

holy: It is important to use the same word here that you used in the previous verse part. In both verse parts translate with a word or phrase that can apply both to God and to people.

in all you do: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as all you do is a noun phrase that literally means “whole way of life” or “all conduct/behavior.” Several English versions have translated it as a noun or noun phrase. For example:

in all your activity (New Jerusalem Bible)

You may translate it with a verb, as the Berean Standard Bible does, or as a noun phrase, whichever is more natural in your language. Some other ways it has been translated include:

in every aspect of your life (God’s Word)
-or-
in all your conduct (Revised Standard Version)

General Comment on 1:15

In some languages it may be natural to reverse the order of verse parts 15a and 15b. For example:

Instead, be holy in all that you do, just as God who called you is holy. (Good News Translation)
-or-
Instead, 15b you should always do what is right, 15a because God called you ⌊to be his children⌋ and he always does what is right.

SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 2:22

2:22–25

These verses are based on chapter 53 of Isaiah, which describes the suffering and death of the Messiah. Some versions put verse 22. the last sentence of verse 24, and the first clause in verse 25 in quotation marks, since they are taken more directly from Isaiah. But since Peter does not use exact quotations, it is not necessary to use quotation marks. In these verses, Peter applied this description of the Messiah to Christ.

2:22a

He committed no sin: The phrase He committed no sin means that the Messiah did nothing wrong or evil at all. Peter applied this reference to Christ. During his whole life, Jesus never broke God’s law or did anything that displeased God. This is a reference to Isaiah 53:9. Some other ways this phrase has been translated include:

He never sinned (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
Christ did not sin (Contemporary English Version)

2:22b

no deceit was found in His mouth: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as no deceit was found in His mouth is an idiom that means “he never deceived anyone” or “he never told a lie.” It continues the reference to Isaiah 53:9 describing the Messiah, which Peter applied to Christ. Some other ways this phrase has been translated are:

he was guilty of no falsehood (Revised English Bible)
-or-
and he had never lied (New Century Version)

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Source: SIL Translator’s Notes on 1 Peter 2018