Language-specific Insights

Hathach

The name that is transliterated as “Hathach” in English means “terror,” “casting down,” “bruised.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) it is translated with a sign that combines “true” (he was a eunuch officer responsible for serving Esther) with the movement and joint points of an officer. (Source: Missão Kophós )


“Hathach” in Libras (source )

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Epaphroditus

The name that is transliterated as “Epaphroditus” in English means “lovely,” “handsome,” “charming.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) it is translated with a sign that combines “lovely” (or “beloved of Aphrodite,” the meaning of the name) and “beloved friend” (of Paul — see Philippians 2:25). (Source: Missão Kophós )


“Epaphroditus” in Libras (source )

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Alexander (the coppersmith)

The name that is transliterated as “Alexander” in English means “defending men,” “one who turns away evil.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) it is translated with a sign that combines a lie (the right hand is in the shape of an X and touches the side of the little finger on the back of the fingers of the left hand, and is moved forward, representing the lie that deviated from the truth) and “defender of men,” the meaning of the name. Alexander, who was one of the leaders of the heretics in Ephesus, along with Hymenaeus. (Source: Missão Kophós )


“Alexander” in Libras (source )

See also Alexander (son of Simon of Cyrene) and Alexander (the priest).

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Joseph (brother of Jesus)

The name that is transliterated as “Joseph” (also: Joses) in English is translated in Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) with a sign that combines “addition (to Jesus)” and the letter Y for the Y-sound of the Hebrew name yoséf (Joseph). (Source: Missão Kophós )


“Joseph” in Libras (source )

See also Judas (brother of Jesus) / Jude and James (brother of Jesus).

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Did Jesus Have Brothers and Sisters? .

Abihud / Abiud

The name that is transliterated as “Abihud” or “Abiud” in English means “father of honor,” “father of majesty,” “father of praise,” or “my father is majesty.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) is is translated with a sign that depicts “honor” and “respect,” a meaning that can be associated with both syllables of the name. (Source: Aline Martins and Paul Fahnestock)


“Abihud / Abiud” in Libras (source )

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

More information on Abihud .

Cyprus

The place name that is transliterated as “Cyprus” in English is translated more specifically as “the island of Cyprus” in some languages. Eastern Highland Otomi for instance has “the land of Cyprus, the little land it sits in the water,” Morelos Nahuatl has “the land-rise of Cyprus,” or Lalana Chinantec has “land in the middle of the water which is called Cyprus.” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

In Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) it is translated with a sign that depicts the shape of the island and “blossoming flower” (a possible meaning of the name). (Source: Missão Kophós )


“Cyprus” in Libras (source )

See also complete verse (Acts 13:4) and Samothrace.

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see this article in Christianity Today .

Amos (ancestor of Jesus)

The name that is transliterated as “Amos” in English means “burden,” “one with a burden.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

In Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) it is translated with a sign that combines a suggestion for the dispensation of grace (a possible extended meaning of the name) and Jesus’ ancestor (pointing to the chest). (Source: Missão Kophós )


“Amos” in Libras (source )

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .