Scriptures Plain & Simple (Luke 15:11-32)

Barclay Newman, a translator on the teams for both the Good News Bible and the Contemporary English Version, translated passages of the New Testament into English and published them in 2014, “in a publication brief enough to be non-threatening, yet long enough to be taken seriously, and interesting enough to appeal to believers and un-believers alike.” The following is the translation of Luke 15:11-32:

Finally, Jesus told them this story:

       A man’s younger son once said,
              “Dad, give me my share of the family fortune!”
       So his father divided everything
              between him and his older brother.

       Soon the younger son packed up everything
       and left for a foreign country,
              where he wasted every cent of his inheritance.

       Then a terrible famine struck the land,
              leaving him famished and without food.

       So hungry was the young man that he took a job
              feeding bean pods to nasty pigs,
       and he would have eaten some of the pods himself,
              if only the owner had turned his back.

       At last, in desperation, he said to himself,
       “My dad’s workers have more than enough to eat,
              while I sit here with these pigs, starving to death.
       Best thing I can do is to go home and make up with my dad.
       I’ll say, “Dad, I’ve been a really lousy son,
              worthless and useless to both you and God.
       Fact is, I don’t deserve to be called your son —
              just treat me like one of your servants.”

       Before he even reached the road to the farmhouse,
       his father saw him and felt so sorry that he ran over
              and greeted the young man with hugs and kisses.

       “Dad, I’ve been a really lousy son,” said the boy.
       “I’m worthless and useless to both you and God.
              Fact is, I don’t deserve to be called your son.”

       But his father instructed the servants,
              “Hurry! Bring him the best clothes.
              Put a gold ring on his finger and sandals on his feet.
              And prepare our choice beef, so we can celebrate!
       My son was dead, and now he’s alive!
              My son was lost, and now he’s found.”

       Then the festivities began.
       Meanwhile, the older brother was coming in from the fields,
       when he heard the sound of music and dancing.
              “What’s going on?” he asked one of the servants.

       “Your younger brother has come home,” answered the servant,
       “and your father ordered us
              to prepare the choice beef for a feast.”
       This made the older brother so angry
              that he refused to go anywhere near the house.

       His father went out and begged him to join the celebration,
       but his son answered, “All my life I’ve obeyed you,
              and I’ve worked like a slave.
       Yet you’ve never even given me a small goat,
              so I could throw a party for my friends.
       This other son of yours blew all his money on hookers,
              and now that he’s back home,
       you’ve ordered our choice beef
              to be killed for a feast in his honor.”

       “My dear son,” replied his father, “You’re always here,
              and everything I have is yours as well.
       But don’t you think we should celebrate?
       Your brother was dead, and now he’s alive.
              He was lost, and now he’s found.”

Translation commentary on Luke 15:18

Exegesis:

anastas poreusomai pros ton patera mou ‘I will set out and go to my father.’ For anastas cf. on 1.39.

hēmarton eis ton ouranon kai enōpion sou ‘I have sinned against heaven and against you.’ enōpion sou, lit. ‘in your sight,’ is here parallel with eis ouranon; hence enōpion is here equivalent to eis; ouranon is equivalent to God.

hamartanō ‘to sin,’ ‘to do wrong,’ followed by eis to indicate against whom is sinned.

Translation:

I will arise and go, or, ‘let me arise and go,’ in the propositive mood. For the two verbs see 1.39.

Though the following quoted speech is not actually addressed to the father, languages such as Javanese use the same honorifics in it as in v. 21 (which see).

Sinned, to be rendered by a verbal form or phrase built on ‘sin.’ A verb that fits the first object may not fit the second; then differentiation is needed, cf. e.g. ‘sinned against heaven and misbehaved against you.’

Against heaven. This metonymical use of “heaven” easily leads to misunderstanding; hence, ‘against the One in heaven,’ “against God” (e.g. in New English Bible). Similarly in 15.21; and cf. 20.3, 5.

Before, preferably, ‘against,’ ‘to(wards).’

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.

SIL Translator’s Notes on Luke 15:18

15:18a

I will get up and go back to my father: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as I will get up is literally “having-risen.” Here it indicates that the younger son decided to leave that country and return home. Other ways to express this clause are:

I will leave here to return to my father
-or-
I’ll go at once to my father (God’s Word)

In some languages it may be more natural to introduce a decision like this by saying:

It would be better if…

15:18b

say to him: In some languages it may be necessary to make explicit that the younger son was thinking about what to say when he arrived home. For example:

When I arrive there,⌋ I will say to him…

15:18c

Father: Translate with whatever form of address would be most polite for a young man to use in speaking to his father.

I have sinned against heaven and against you: The word sinned indicates here that the son had done wrong. He had committed an offense against God and against his father. In some languages it may be necessary to use different expressions to refer to sins against God and sins against people. For example:

I have sinned against God and have done wrong to you. (New Century Version)

against heaven: The Greek phrase that the Berean Standard Bible translates as against heaven implies “against God.” The Jews often referred indirectly to God in order to show their great respect for him and his name. You may need to make it explicit in your translation that the phrase against heaven refers to God. For example:

against ⌊God in⌋ heaven
-or-
against God (Good News Translation)

See heaven, Meaning 3, in the Glossary.

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