The word for rested is shavath, from which the word “sabbath” is derived. It means to cease, to stop working. It does not mean to take a rest because of being tired, as the verb in 20.11 implies. (See the comment there.) So New Jewish Publication Society’s Tanakh has “So the people remained inactive on the seventh day,” and Good News Translation has “So the people did no work on the seventh day.” This verse shows that the sabbath (shabbath) is related to the seventh day (shabiʿiy), not because it is the same word, but because “sabbath” really means “day of no work.”

Quoted with permission from Osborn, Noel D. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Exodus. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1999. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .