Translation commentary on Luke 7:21

Exegesis:

en ekeinē tē hōra ‘at that time,’ to be understood either in a more general, or, in a more specific sense, as e.g. Phillips, “at that very time”. The latter is preferable because of the aorist tense of etherapeusen and echarisato (see below).

etherapeusen pollous apo nosōn kai mastigōn kai pneumatōn ponērōn ‘he healed many people of diseases and ailments and evil spirits.’ For pneumatōn ponērōn (also 8.2) Luke uses elsewhere pneumata akatharta (cf. e.g. 4.3, 36; 6.8; 9.2; always in Mt. and Mk.), without difference in meaning.

mastix lit. ‘whip,’ ‘lash,’ here in a figurative meaning, ‘torment,’ ‘suffering,’ ‘ailment,’ stronger than the rather general nosos and referring here to diseases that bring much suffering.

tuphlois pollois echarisato blepein ‘on many blind people he bestowed sight,’ lit. ‘seeing.’

charizomai here ‘to bestow,’ ‘to give as a favour,’ ‘to grant’ with infinitive, in v. 42 ‘to remit.’

Translation:

He cured many of diseases and plagues and evil spirits, or, ‘he cured many people who suffered from diseases and plagues and evil spirits, or, were sick and very ill, and demon-possessed.’ For to cure see on “to heal” in 4.3. Diseases and plagues. The stronger term has been rendered “afflictions” (The Four Gospels – a New Translation) ‘suffering’ (Bahasa Indonesia RC), ‘incurable illness’ (Toraja-Sa’dan). Where no two acceptable near-synonyms are available one may say ‘various diseases’ (Malay). Cf. also on 4.40 and references. And evil spirits is still dependent on ‘cured’ but in some languages a more specific verb for casting out, or exorcizing, evil spirits has to be inserted (e.g. in Tae’ 1933); to avoid this Marathi and Batak Toba shift from ‘cure of’ to ‘deliver from,’ which fits the three dependent terms. For evil spirits, i.e. ‘demons’ or ‘unclean spirits,’ and demon possession see 4.33, 35f.

On many that were blind he bestowed sight. Most versions try to bring out that the Greek verb characterizes the healing as a favour or gracious gift, e.g. ‘he gave many blind-men the mercy to see’ (Sranan Tongo), ‘many blind men became seeing through his gracious help’ but where this would result in a too heavy construction or in overtranslating, it may be wiser to say simply, ‘he healed (or, caused-to-see/opened the eyes of) many blind people,’ as done e.g. in Ekari, Toraja-Sa’dan, Bahasa Indonesia RC. For blind see on 4.18.

Quoted with permission from Reiling, J. and Swellengrebel, J.L. A Handbook on the Gospel of Luke. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1971. For this and other handbooks for translators see here . Make sure to also consult the Handbook on the Gospel of Mark for parallel or similar verses.

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