23:2a
he summoned all Israel: This can also be translated:
Joshua called all the Israelites together
including its elders, leaders, judges, and officers: The terms in this list are similar to the list in 8:33. Look to see how you translated these terms there.
elders: The Hebrew word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as elders refers to the heads of families who represented their clan on special occasions. This Hebrew term occurred in 8:33.
leaders: The Hebrew word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as leaders was used in chapter 22, verses 14 and 30. It refers to the heads of families.
judges: The Hebrew word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as judges refers to people who judged disputes between Israelites. See Exodus 18:17-26 where Moses first appointed judges. This term was used in 8:33.
officers: The Hebrew word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as officers refers to people who had both military and administrative responsibilities. This term occurred in 1:10 and in 8:33.
Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:
Then Joshua called all the Israelites together. He called the elders, the heads of families, the judges and the officers.
-or-
So Joshua gathered all the Israelite people together: their tribal leaders, their family leaders, their judges and their officials.
23:2b
“I am old and well along in years,” he said: The sentence that the Berean Standard Bible translates as “I am now old and well advanced in years,” uses almost the same Hebrew words as in verse 23:1c.
Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:
and said to them, “I am an old man now
-or-
Then Joshua told them, “I am very old
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