5:22a and many others fell slain, because the battle belonged to God.

Many Hagrite soldiers died in the war, because God was fighting against them.
-or-
God was fighting against the Hagrites, so many ⌊of their soldiers⌋ died in battle.

5:22b And they occupied the land until the exile.

So the tribes took over the land and lived there until the exile.
-or-
The people of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh took over the land ⌊of the Hagarites⌋ . They lived there until they were exiled to Assyria.

5:22a-b (combined)

God was fighting against the Hagarites. Therefore many of them were killed in the battle. So the people of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh lived in the Hagarite’s land. They lived there until the Assyrians came and took them into exile.
-or-
Many of the Hagrites died in battle, because God was fighting against them. The tribes of Reuben, Gad, and East Manasseh lived in that territory until they were taken as prisoners to Assyria.

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