Introduction to Proverbs

(Pioneer Bible Translators and The Word for the World use the following introduction in many of their translation projects around the world.)

The book of Proverbs is a collection of wise sayings. Several authors contributed to the proverbs, but king Solomon, son of king David, wrote most of them. Solomon was known for his wisdom, and 1 Kings 4:32 says that he wrote 3,000 proverbs. So most of the book of Proverbs was written during Solomon’s lifetime in the 10th century BC. The rest of the book may have been written and compiled by the time Hezekiah ruled Judah in 715 to 686 BC (Proverbs 25:1).

Proverbs are wise sayings which are generally true, but are different than a promise or prophecy. For example, Proverbs 22:6 says that children raised in the right way will follow that way when they are grown up. However, this proverb is not a promise that nothing can or will go wrong in the life of a child who was raised in the right way. Rather, it is good advice based on what is generally true. The Book of Proverbs itself speaks to the purpose of proverbs in chapter 1:26. The purpose is to help simple and young people to recognize wisdom and good advice, and even to make the wise people wiser.

Outline of Proverbs:

1. Chapters 1 through 22:16 are Solomon’s proverbs.
2. Chapters 22:17 through 24 are two collections of the sayings of the wise.
3. Chapters 25 through 29 are another collection of Solomon’s proverbs. These were collected by king Hezekiah’s workers.
4. Chapter 30 contains the sayings of Agur.
5. Chapter 31:1-9 contains the sayings of Lemuel.
6. Finally, chapter 31:10-31 describes a wife of good character.

This work is owned by Pioneer Bible Translators International and The World for the World International and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License .

Translation: French

Introduction à Proverbes

Le livre des Proverbes est un recueil de sages paroles. Plusieurs auteurs ont contribué aux proverbes, mais le roi Salomon, fils du roi David, en a écrit la plupart. Salomon était connu pour sa sagesse, et 1Rois 4.32 dit qu’il a écrit 3.000 proverbes. Alors, la plupart du livre des Proverbes a été écrit pendant la vie de Salomon au 10e siècle av J.C. Le reste du livre peut avoir été écrit et compilé par le temps qu’Ézéchias a régné en Juda entre 715 et 686 av J.C. (Proverbes 25.1).

Les Proverbes sont de sages paroles qui sont vraies en général, mais qui sont différentes d’une promesse ou d’une prophétie. Par exemple, Proverbes 22.6 dit que les enfants élevés de la bonne façon suivront cette voie quand ils seront grands. Toutefois, cette proverbe n’est pas une promesse que rien ne peut, ni ne va, mal tourner dans la vie d’un enfant qui est élevé de la bonne façon. Plutôt, il s’agit d’un bon conseil sur la base de ce qui est vrai en général. Le livre des Proverbes lui-même parle du but des proverbes dans le chapitre 1 aux versets 2 à 6. Le but est d’aider les gens simples et jeunes à reconnaître la sagesse et le bon conseil, et même de rendre les sages plus sages.

Résumé de Proverbes

1. Chapitres 1 à 22.16 sont les proverbes de Salomon.
2. Chapitres 22.17 à 24 sont deux recueils des paroles des sages.
3. Chapitres 25 à 29 sont un autre recueil des proverbes de Salomon. Celles-ci ont été recueillies par les ouvriers du roi Ézéchias.
4. Chapitre 30 contient les paroles d’Agur.
5. Chapitre 31.1-9 contient les paroles de Lemuel.
6. Enfin, le chapitre 31.10-31 décrit une femme de bon caractère.

Translation: Swahili

Utangulizi wa Kitabu cha Methali

Kitabu cha Methali ni mkusanyiko wa semi za busara na hekima. Waandishi kadhaa walihusika kuziandika, lakini mfalme Sulemani, mwana wa Daudi, anatajwa kuwa ndiye aliyeziandika nyingi za methali hizo.[MB1] Mfalme Sulemani alijulikana kwa hekima yake, na kitabu cha 1 Wafalme 4:32 kinamwelezea Sulemani kwamba alitunga methali elfu tatu. Kwa hiyo, methali zilizo nyingi ziliandikwa katika kipindi cha uhai wa mfalme Sulemani aliyelitawala taifa la Israeli katika karne ya 10. Sehemu ya kitabu hiki iliyosalia iliandikwa na kuambatanishwa na zile zilizotangulia katika kipindi cha utawala wa mfalme Hezekia aliyelitawala taifa la Yuda kuanzia mwaka 715 hadi mwaka 686 KK (Methali 25:1).

Methali ni semi zinazobeba busara na ukweli katika mapana yake, lakini zilizotofautiana na semi za kibiblia zinazobeba ahadi au unabii. Kwa mfano, Methali 22:6 inasema kwamba watoto waliopewa malezi mema wataifuata njia ya uadilifu hata watakapokuwa wamefikia utu uzima. Hata hivyo, methali hii haitoi ahadi kwamba hakuna jambo lolote litakalokwenda kombo katika maisha ya mtoto aliyepewa malezi mema. Licha ya uhalisia huo wa kimaisha, huu ni ushauri ulio wa kweli katika mapana yake yote. Kitabu chenyewe cha Methali kinajizungumzia kuhusiana na kusudi la methali katika sura 1:2-6. Kusudi lenyewe ni kuwasaidia vijana wasio na maarifa waweze kupata hekima na kutambua busara na mashauri yaliyo bora, na hata kuwafanya wale wenye busara wawe na busara zaidi.

Muhtasari wa Yaliyomo:

1. Kuanzia sura ya 1 hadi 22:16 ni methali za Sulemani.
2. Sura 22:17 hadi 24 ni makundi mawili ya mkusanyiko wa semi za wenye hekima.
3. Sura 25 hadi 29 ni mkusanyiko mwingine wa methali za Sulemani. Methali hizi zilikusanywa na watumishi wa mfalme Hezekia.
4. Sura 30 inajazwa na kukamilishwa na semi za Aguri.
5. Sura 31:1-9 inazo semi za Lemueli. Mwishowe, sura 31:10-31 inamwelezea mwanamke mwenye mwenendo ulio bora.

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