10:7a When all the Israelites in the valley saw that the army had fled

The Israelite people who lived in the valley saw that many soldiers had run away.
-or-
The people of Israel who lived in the valley saw that the Israelite army was defeated.

10:7b and that Saul and his sons had died,

They also learned that Saul and his sons were dead.
-or-

⌊They knew⌋ that ⌊king⌋ Saul and his three sons were also dead.

10:7c they abandoned their cities and ran away.

So, they left the towns ⌊where they lived⌋ and ran away, too,
-or-
So, they left their homes and ran away.

10:7d So the Philistines came and occupied their cities.

and the Philistines came and lived there.
-or-
The Philistines moved into the towns ⌊the Israelites had left behind⌋ .

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