My children (so several other translations) is literally “children.” This word appears several times in (1 John 2.1,12,28; 3.7,18; 4.4; 5.21), as well as in Galatians 4.19. Technically the word is a diminutive form, meaning “little children” (so Anchor), but most translations render it simply “children,” since it is doubtful that the diminutive form has any special force here. A literal translation of my children may, in fact, suggest that the disciples were small boys rather than grown men. It may even indicate that Jesus was talking to his own sons. An equivalent in some languages is “my dear companions” or even “my dear ones” or “you whom I love.” The use of the term children is certainly an expression of endearment.

I shall not be with you very much longer is in Greek a positive statement, “I will be with you a little while longer.” A similar expression is used in 7.33, when Jesus addresses the Jewish leaders. No definite period of time can be specified for this “little while.” The first time we find Jesus using this phrase is approximately six months before his crucifixion, whereas in the present context his crucifixion is only a few hours away. In some languages it may be necessary to employ an expression of time which will indicate only a few hours, for example, “I shall be with you for only a few more hours.” The second sentence of this verse is somewhat restructured in Good News Translation, as well as in most other translations.

I tell you now what I told the Jewish authorities refers back to 7.33 and 8.21.

You cannot go where I am going refers to Jesus’ death and departure to the Father. For the present the disciples are not able to follow Jesus in this way, as indicated by his prediction of Peter’s denial in the following verses. The verb go is the same verb discussed in 7.33; it is used several times in John’s Gospel of Jesus’ departure from the world and to the Father. In this chapter it is used in verses 3 and 36, as well as in this verse.

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of John. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1980. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .