SIL Translator’s Notes on John 12:2

12:2a

they: It is not clear whom this pronoun refers to. It likely refers to members of Lazarus’ family or perhaps his friends and neighbors in general. It is good to use a general subject such as “Some people.” For example:

The people there

hosted a dinner: The verb the Berean Standard Bible has translated as hosted is more literally “made.” Use the expression that is natural in your language. For example:

They prepared a dinner (Good News Translation)
-or-
they cooked a dinner

a dinner: In this context the word dinner refers to the evening meal, the main meal of the day. It was a meal to celebrate a happy event among friends, so it may be called “a feast” or “a banquet.” For example:

a supper (Revised Standard Version)
-or-
A meal (Contemporary English Version)

for Jesus: This phrase for Jesus here means “to honor Jesus.” The people who gave the dinner were thankful that Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead. In some languages it may be natural to say:

in his honor
-or-
because they wanted to honor Jesus

there: This word refers to Bethany, the village where Lazarus lived. In some languages it may be natural to say:

Here (New International Version)
-or-
in Bethany (God’s Word)

12:2b

Martha served: This clause indicates that Martha, Lazarus’ sister, distributed the food to the guests at the dinner. Use the expression that is natural for giving food to friends/guests at a dinner party. For example:

Martha was doing the serving (Contemporary English Version)
-or-
Martha served the food (New Century Version)
-or-
Martha waited on the party (Phillips’ New Testament in Modern English)

and: The conjunction that the Berean Standard Bible translates as and here introduces a slight contrast. Martha and Lazarus were doing different things. It is also possible to say:

while

The Good News Translation does not translate this conjunction and separates the clauses with a semicolon. In English this implies a slight contrast. Introduce this slight contrast or difference in a way that is natural in your language.

Lazarus was among those: These words indicate that Martha was serving Lazarus as well as others.

reclining at the table with Him: The Greek expression that the Berean Standard Bible translates as reclining at the table with Him is more literally “reclining with him.” The custom then was to eat while reclining (leaning back) on mats or benches around a low table. See the picture below. So Lazarus was eating with Jesus while Martha was serving them food. If people do not usually eat at a table in your culture, it is not necessary to mention a table. For example:

Lazarus was among those who ate with him (New Living Translation (2004))
-or-
Lazarus was among the guests with Jesus (Revised English Bible)

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